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election - political rivalry/ competition - political parties
Political parties and leaders benefit from regular election rivalry. (Benefit)
Political parties understand that if they highlight problems that people want to hear about, their popularity and prospects of winning in the next election will rise. On the contrary, if they do not please voters with their job, they will be unable to win again. (popularity)
If a political party is motivated only by the desire to be in power, despite that, it will be forced.
Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha - five years
General election and by election
Electoral constituency - For the sake of elections, India is split into many
regions, zones, districts. (the country splits into smaller unit for election purpose)
These areas are known as electoral constituencies.
- For the Lok Sabha elections,
India is split into 543 seats.
A Member of Parliament (MP) is the elected representative from each constituency.
Total MP = 543
From each constituency there will be one elected representative(MP)- member of Parliament
Each state has a certain number of Assembly constituencies.
In this situation, the elected representative is known as a Member of Legislative Assembly or MLA.
Each parliamentary constituency has numerous assembly constituencies.
Panchayat and Municipal elections. Each village or town is split into many wards, which function similarly to constituencies.
Reserved constituencies -
citizens vote their representatives
seats are reserved for backward classes such as SC's and ST's
SC's - 84
ST's - 47
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