Notes

How did Roundup Ready & Roundup come to be?
What is Roundup Ready? And what are Roundup-ready plants? Roundup Ready is a trademark name used to describe a patent-pending line of genetically modified crop seeds that are immune to the glyphosate-based herbicide, Roundup. The crops are referred to as Roundup Ready.

Roundup Then, was it actually invented?
ラウンドアップ John Franz, Monsanto chemical chemist and first to discover that Roundup's active agent was glyphosate, in the year 1970. He was the first to identify it as a herbicide. The majority of herbicides employed in agriculture were pre-emergent. That means they were applied before the plant and before the plants grew. Glyphosate's amazing post-emergent capabilities in controlling large numbers grass and broadleaf herbicides was something very special. Its unique combination of its exceptional environmental (soil destruction rapid degradation and no carry-over) as well as toxicological (extremely low toxicity to beneficial organisms, mammals as well as beneficial organisms.) which was what made it a revolutionary product.

ラウンドアップ What year was it when Roundup first introduced?
Roundup(r) was first introduced in 1974 to the market as a broad-spectrum insecticide rapidly became a top global agricultural chemical. Roundup(r) was initially applied on railway tracks, in ditches and on the fields between growing seasons. It allowed farmers to manage weeds such as broadleaf and grass that emerged out of the soil thereby lessening the need to tillage, preserving soil structure, and reducing soil erosion.

The Roundup Ready GMOs followed.
Monsanto scientists were inspired by the remarkable breakthroughs in the field of recombinant DNA technology during the 1970s. They recognized the numerous advantages for farmers if Roundup (r) could be directly applied to their crops in order to reduce weeds. Ernie Jaworski led a small team that included Steve Rogers, Rob Horsch and me to work on this problem. This team had already developed the first systems that could introduce genes into plants in the mid-80s. We then began to focus on creating viruses–resistant and insect-resistant Roundup-tolerant crops.

It was discovered that Roundup glyphosate impeded plant's capacity to make aromatic amino acids. Roundup's extremely high rating in mammal safety was due to this fact. Glyphosate also was quickly broken down in soil by microorganisms. Our research had already identified both plant- and microbial genetics that conferred greater herbicide resistance. Roundup Ready plants were first tested on the field by the USDA in 1987. It was a genetically altered variety of tomato plants that were resistant to Roundup. In the following years, the bacteria that would become the gene that would become the Roundup Ready trait was discovered, isolated and then introduced into the crops.

Let's use soybeans for an example. First, we need to address two issues. What are Roundup Ready soybeans? And how are they made? Roundup Ready Soybeans are genetically engineered soybeans that have had their DNA altered so that they can withstand the herbicide glyphosate that is the main component in the herbicide Roundup. ラウンドアップ This soybean is tolerant to Roundup since each seed has the gene that is afflicted with Roundup before it is planted. Farmers can utilize the Roundup Ready gene in their fields to spray without harming their crops.

ラウンドアップ It is evident that Roundup Ready crops were introduced in 1996, and revolutionized agriculture and agricultural science. Roundup resistance was soon accepted by farmers, and adoption was quick. Today, over 90% of U.S. soybeans are grown with the biotech gene that allows herbicide tolerance. Roundup Ready crops simplified and improved weed management systems. This led to increased crop yields. It also reduced tillage, reduced equipment costs, and made harvesting easier because of fewer the amount of weeds. An environmental major benefit has been the increase in adoption of conservation cultivation: farmers can cut down on the amount of energy used as well as GHG emissions. ラウンドアップ They can also preserve soil structure while preserving soil structure. This is equivalent to removing 28.3 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (or 12.4 million vehicles) off the roads. Source: PG Economy.
My Website: http://www.greenjapan.co.jp/roundup_max.htm