Notes

Benefits of genetically modified crops over weeds

The wild plants may have the advantage of resistance to herbicides.

Weedy rice may pick up transgenes from genetically modified rice through cross-pollination. Credit: Xiao Yang
One common genetic-modification method used to make crops more resistant to herbicides was shown to offer advantages over the weedy varieties of rice. https://www.roundupjp.com/ The findings suggest that this modification could be beneficial to wild rice varieties and the crops.

Many varieties of crops are created genetically to be resistant to the glyphosate. The herbicide, originally known as Roundup it was released into the market in 1996 under the trade name Roundup. Farmers can eradicate most the weeds that grow in their fields by using this glyphosate resistance , without damaging their crops.

Glyphosate hinders growth of plants by blocking an enzyme known as EPSP synthase, which is involved in the production of certain amino acids and other molecules that account for about 35% of a plant's mass. The genetic modification method employed in Roundup Ready crops by Monsanto (based in St Louis in Missouri), involves inserting genes in a plant to boost EPSP-synthase output. Genes typically come from bacteria that cause disease to plants.

The added EPSP synthase helps the plant be resistant to the effects of glyphosate. ラウンドアップ Biotechnology labs also have tried to utilize plants' genes instead of bacteria to boost the production of EPSP synthase and, in turn, to take advantage of a loophole in US law that facilitates the approval of regulatory agencies for organisms that carry transgenes that aren't derived from bacterial pests.

There aren't many studies that have examined whether transgenes, such as ones that confer resistance to glyphosate, could increase the resilience of plants in their survival and reproduction after they cross-pollinate with wild or weedy species. "The traditional expectation is that any sort of transgene could cause disadvantage in the wild in the absence of selection pressure, because the extra machinery would reduce the fitness," says Norman Ellstrand an expert in plant genetics at the University of California in Riverside.

Lu Baorong is an ecologist in Fudan University Shanghai. ララウンドアップ 希釈倍率 His study shows that glyphosate resistance is a major fitness benefit, even though it's not applied.

https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf Lu and his colleagues genetically modified the cultivated Rice species to express its EPSP synthase, and then crossed it with an plant that was weedy.

The group then let the offspring of crossbreeding to cross-breed with one other to create second generation hybrids. They were identical genetically except for the amount of EPSP synthase genes they had. As expected, the hybrids that had more copies of the gene were more likely to produce more tryptophan and have greater levels of enzymes than the unmodified hybrids.

https://www.monotaro.com/g/01028612/ Researchers also discovered that the transgenic hybrids had higher rates of photosynthesis, produced more flowers and shoots and produced 48-125% more seeds per plant than non-transgenic hybrids -- in the absence of glyphosate.

Lu claims that making weedy crops more competitive could cause more problems to farmers all over the world whose crops are affected by the insect.

Brian Ford Lloyd, a UK plant scientist, stated that the EPSP Synthase gene may be introduced into wild rice species. ラウンドアップ This would erode their genetic diversity, which is extremely crucial. "This is among the clearest instances of the extremely damaging effects (of GM crops on the environment."

This research also challenges the notion that genetically modified crops containing more copies of their genes are less risky than those that contain microorganisms' genes. "Our study proves that this isn't always the case," says Lu.

ラウンドアップ A few researchers believe this discovery needs to be reviewed in light of future regulation of genetically modified crops. ラウンドアップ Ellstrand believes that some believe that biosafety regulations could be relaxed given the past two years of genetic engineering. "But this study has shown that novel products still need to be evaluated with care."


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