Notes

Applications
Consensus in bitcoin

The origin and early development of bitcoin was driven by a social and technical desire to design a form of money or payment system that did not require trusting third parties, or centralized clearing agents. Other decentralized digital currency architectures such as Bitmessage and ZeroCoin use similar techniques to achieve consensus in the network, but they are not identical to bitcoin.

Blockchain applications

A blockchain can be used to verify transactions, distribute data, verify the integrity of data, and provide a permanent record of all data and transactions.

Payment systems

Two methods are used to confirm transactions in a cryptocurrency: proof-of-work and proof-of-stake.

Email

In February 2008, Gavin Andresen, the lead developer of the Bitcoin software, mentioned that he intended to integrate the bitcoin blockchain into email, for the purpose of conserving space and time in email subject lines. This was regarded by some as a potential killer application for bitcoin. Gavin was quoted in the Washington Post in November 2012: "it's possible that payment of the cost of email could occur off-chain". As of early 2019, this has not occurred.

From November 2016, Interian (now called InSync) is a Bitcoin email system that uses the blockchain to verify users' identities. A user's InSync ID is tied to a public key and is used to verify that messages have come from a single, verified user.

In January 2017, The Guardian reported that the concept of embedding micro-transactions into an email address is now being explored. Google has also announced plans to integrate bitcoin technology into Gmail. Users could have a public bitcoin address associated with their email rather than giving out a private address. This would cut down on the clutter and spam of email addresses. Each user would be allowed to send small amounts of bitcoins to others to ensure the authenticity of all transactions. The advantage of this system is that a user can be sure that every transaction is valid and approved by the recipient. The user does not need to be online to perform the transaction since the details of the transaction would be stored in a public ledger and could be verified by anyone receiving the email.

In January 2017, Cryptocompare, reported that the popularity of bitcoin to transact digitally has increased since the introduction of bitcoin cash. Since the introduction of bitcoin cash, the number of emails sent with a bitcoin address is at an all-time high for the first time since February 2017.
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