Notes

science chapter 11 transportation in organisms :)
blood:-
one type of cell is red blood cell or rbc. red blood cells appears to be red because of hemoglobin. hemoglobin is a red pigment. it would be difficult to provide oxygen efficiently to all parts of the body as well as to all the cells. white blood cells or wbc fight against germs that may enter our body. plates help clotting the blood. if we are injured platelets clot the blood. without platelets blood would keep on flowing. huge blood loss can cause ultimate death.
HEART:-
heart has two chambers. the upper two chambers are called the ARTIUM, and the lower two chambers are called the ventricles. heart pump continuously. [* i forgot what is more about heart*] [*IMPORTANT NOTE :- make sure to learn more about heart*]
PULSE RATE:-
in our body, there is veins and arteries. Arteries carries oxygen-rich blood and veins carries carbon dioxide-rich blood. Arteries have thick elastic walls while vein have thin walls. take two fingers of your right hand, those are the index and middle finger. Also take you left arm wrist and check your left-hand pulse rate. [*sorry if i missed out on more information*] [*IMPORTANT NOTE :- make sure to learn the things that are forgotten*]
EXCRETION IN ANIMALS :-
the waste should be removed as it is toxic. [*LOL i forgot*]
EXRETION IN HUMANS: -
the blood has waste in it. a mechanism filters the blood. the blood capillaries in kidney. the waste is removed as urine. it goes from kidney to a tube-like structure called ureter to a urinary bladder to a muscular tube called urethra to the urinary opening. an average adult human when takes out the urine it is 95% water and 2.5% urea and 2.5% of other waste substances. Also, an average human takes out 1-1.8L of urine in 24 hours. [* sorry I missed out on anything else*]
SWEAT ;-
you might have wondered what are those white patches that stains your t-shirt or capri. That is actually your sweat. sweat contains water and salts. the white patches are mostly stained in areas like underarms. In hot summer days, the water in the earthern pot (mattka) is cold. that is because the water evaporates from the small pores in the earthern pots. that keeps the water cooling. (*sorry if there is any wrong information or any word probs*)
TRANSPORTATION OF FOOD AND WATER IN PLANTS :-
in chapter 10 we learned about energy. organisms get energy by the release of glucose. this helps in performing activities. [*sorry if i missed out on anything*]
TRANSPORTATION OF FOOD AND MINERALS IN PLANTS :-
IDK. plants have pipe like vessels that transports the mineral nutrients and water. the vessels are made of specialised cell, forming the vasculr tissue. the tissue is a group of cell that performs specialsed function in an organism. the vasular tissue that transports minerak materials and water in the plants are called xylem. [*i dont remmember more than this*]
TRANSPIRATION :-
not all the water is utilised by plants. the water evaporates through the stomata present on the surface of the leaves by transpiration. the evaporation of water generates a suction pull (just how you suck water from a straw) which can pull water from great heights in tall trees. transpiration also cools the plants. (*i wrote most of it by seeing in the textbook*) *sawwy*
THE END OF CHAPTER 11