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Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector evaluation<br>
Sweden is just one of the world's biggest wood pellet fuel producer as well as customer. It's wood pellet production modern technology, market policy, and market version are prominent. In this passage, I will do extensive analysis on Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector, and also exercise some helpful experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, many nations have made plans to advertise biomass power as a way to deal with power crisis and environment pollution. Since then, biomass energy market has created quickly, and also the modern technology maintain enhancing.



Due to the absence of mineral resources, Sweden's economy experienced terrific loss in last century. To make sure nationwide power safety and security, Sweden federal government aim to create renewable resource.



Biomass pellet fuel has the attributes of high burning efficiency, reduced ash web content, absolutely no carbon discharge, simple transportation, which has been prominent in Europe and also The United States And Canada. With abundant forestry sources, Sweden pay much interest to the growth of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden uses up 20% of the world's biomass fuel intake, which matures at the rate of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry resources and biomass materials

Sweden has abundant forestry sources. The forest covers 64% of the acreage, with 51% had by individuals, 24% by big wood business, and also 25% by countries and various other public organizations. Besides, the forestry grows by 100 million heaps each year, as well as the logging amount is 92.4 million tons. The significant forestry markets are wood handling, paper processing, as well as power wood. The wood products for making biomass energy mainly come from the 3 markets above, concerning 23.48 m3.



Basic material of wood pellets

Of the raw products for making wood pellets, wood shavings use up 53%, sawdust 35%, and wood chips 5%, others (barks, farming deposits, energy forestry) uses up 7%. Some little wood pellet factory are developed base upon chipboard, furnishings and sawdust mills.



With more companies participating in biomass fuel manufacturing, the competition on the raw products become a lot more strong. As the plant straws in Sweden are in scattered circulation, they are tough to accumulate and also refine. So some producers and institutes are establishing new products like peat and energy plants.



Wood pellet making modern technology as well as devices

The pellet molding technology has actually grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has actually accomplished commercial and market manufacturing. The manufacturing process includes high automation, calling for much less drivers. The picture below showed the wood pellet production procedure.



Drying out: usually, the moisture content of sawdust is around 50%. A drum dryer can reduce the wetness content to 9-12% to ensure that it is qualified for making pellets.

Crushing: the dimension of raw materials ought to be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the size.

Conditioning: add high-heat heavy steam to the raw products and also soften the cellulous in it. Majority of the pellet fuel suppliers have conditioning process in production.

Pellet molding: the majority of wood pellet factories make use of upright kind ring pass away pellet machine. The production capacity of one machine is 2-4ton/ h. The life span of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Air conditioning: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet device go to the temperature of 100 ℃. Pellets under this condition are very easy to break as well as bothersome for transportation. A counter-flow cooler can cool down the wood pellets in a moderate method.

Packing: the cooled pellets need to be classified as well as packaged according to consumers' need. Small bags are 16kg, big bags are 900kg. For large consumers like nuclear power plant, the wood pellets are transferred by vehicles as well as ships in bulks.

Biomass pellets category and also application

In 1999, Sweden federal government published the requirement of wood pellet fuel, in which they are categorized into 3 classes. The fabulous has high quality. flat die pellet machine can be used in domestic small heaters and stoves.The second as well as 3rd do not have high quality. They are made use of by big industrial customers.



Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can fulfill this standard. A few of them can satisfy the EU requirement, others are not created according to this criterion.



Wood pellet fuel can be applied in small boilers, medium-scale and large-scale heating supply facility and nuclear power plant. Presently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for tiny as well as moderate home heating boilers and local home heating supply center, and also 40% for big home heating supply facility and co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant take on coal to replace oil. After the establish of CO2 exhaust tax, these home heating plant count on biomass fuel from coal. In the last years, the quantity of biomass fuel for heating expands from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Presently, about 400 local heating plant has actually adopted wood pellet fuel.



Since the mid 1990s, residential wood pellet market has made terrific progression. In the last decades, using residential heating wood pellets grows rapidly. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 families using wood pellet central heating boilers, 40,000 family members using wood pellet ranges.



Sweden biomass power advancement objective and also plan

To promote the constant development of biomass energy, Sweden has made a collection of regulations and plans. To guarantee the apply of these policies, the government likewise made several viable guidance steps as well as necessary sector standard.




Sweden not just satisfy the obligation specified Kyoto Method that cut greenhouse discharge by 8%, yet additionally established its very own growth goal of biomass power. In feed pellet maker , the Minister for sustainable advancement division asserted that Sweden will totally make use of biofuels and also quit making use of oil, and become the very first country that completely rely upon renewable resource.



By 2020, Sweden will raise its percentage of renewable energy to 50%, the use proportion of renewable resource in transport industry to 10%, power effectiveness by 20%, and cut the discharge of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive plan

Sweden has actually accomplished high cost acquisition, financial investment subsidies, tax obligation decrease and also exemption, quota system as well as various other biomass energy incentive policy.



Since 1975, Sweden invests 36 million Euro from government spending plan to sustain biomass innovation advancement. From 1997 to 2002, the government gave 25% investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration jobs. From 2004-2006, the federal government gave 1350 Euros for residents that make use of biomass furnace.




Sweden generally lay high tax obligation on fuels, energies, CARBON DIOXIDE, SO2, etc. To promote the advancement of biomass power, to exempt all taxes on biomass tasks. In 1991, Sweden government begins to lay tax obligation on CO2 emission, which makes the cost of oil and also nonrenewable fuel source rise. Many warmth supply center and also nuclear power plant switches over from nonrenewable fuel source to biomass fuel.



To urge the power plant to use biomass power, Sweden federal government introduced electric power quota system. This policy needs the power suppliers to have certain part of electrical power created by renewable resource. For every 1MWh electricity, the government will certainly provide tax obligation alleviation based on the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel burning gadget

Sweden wood pellet shedding technology is in the leading position. There have actually mored than 20 pellet heater suppliers, over 50 types of wood pellet boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet cooktops. As there are still several families using electric home heating, the pellet central heating boilers have massive potential.



Sweden pellet burning tools has main home heating boiler as well as biomass cooktop 2 kinds.



Central home heating central heating boiler can be used in 1 or even more families. The thermal transmit with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be adjusted by 30% -100% according to requirements. The main home heating boilers also has 2 kinds. The consolidated central heating boiler is attached by a pellet heater and also a conventional boiler. The central heating boiler can get in touch with numerous heaters. The incorporated boilers are primarily imported from Austria as well as Germany, some generated by domestic producers.



Biomass ovens or heater

Biomass cooktops likewise has 2 types. Independent pellet cooktop as well as Chimney item type heating system. The former on is a lot more prominent. The independent pellet stove has a pellet stock container within, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day use.



Biomass pellet stove can recognize automated filling and burning. Based on richi pellet mill feeding method, pellet ranges has top feed, lower feed and straight feed 3 types. Leading feed pellet cooktops are the most prominent. Owing to high ease as well as tidiness, tiny pellet ovens sell well over the last few years.



Attributes of Sweden biomass fuel sector

Sweden has rich forestry resources as well as plentiful forestry waste, which end up being the main resources for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has been totally advertised. A lot of manufacturers are huge and also average companies, with fully grown innovation. Little wood pellet manufacturing facilities are primarily build on chipboard, furniture as well as saw mills.

The federal government has made extensive legislations and also policies to drive the wood pellet manufacturing. This is why the wood pellet industry develops quickly given that the 1990s.

Criterion for wood pellet fuel keep enhancing. In the 1990s, Sweden released the requirement for wood pellets, and measured the technique date of pellet fuel and also burners.

Fully grown burning technology as well as tools. Recently, Sweden's production of pellet boiler and also pellet heating ranges maintain raising.

Perfect quality assurance system. Sweden federal government stipulated that the wood pellet fuel and also burning tools should acquire third-party screening qualifications before entering the marketplace.



Conclusion

Sweden is a major wood pellet fuel producer as well as customer in the world. Biomass power plays a vital role in its production as well as way of living. All over the world, biomass pellets are going to play a more vital duty in heating supply, power generation, and commercial production.


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