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Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector evaluation<br>
Sweden is among the world's largest wood pellet fuel manufacturer and also customer. It's wood pellet manufacturing technology, market policy, and also market version are prominent. In this flow, I will do thorough analysis on Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector, as well as work out some valuable experiences.



Introduction

In the 1970s, many nations have actually made plans to advertise biomass energy as a method to handle power crisis and atmosphere pollution. Ever since, biomass power market has actually established swiftly, and the modern technology keep improving.



Due to the lack of mineral sources, Sweden's economic situation experienced excellent loss in last century. To make certain national power safety, Sweden government aim to create renewable resource.



Biomass pellet fuel has the attributes of high burning effectiveness, low ash web content, zero carbon discharge, easy transportation, which has been preferred in Europe and The United States And Canada. With plentiful forestry sources, Sweden pay much interest to the growth of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden uses up 20% of the globe's biomass fuel consumption, which grows up at the speed of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry sources and biomass materials

Sweden has bountiful forestry resources. The woodland covers 64% of the acreage, with 51% possessed by individuals, 24% by large wood firms, and also 25% by nations and also other public companies. Besides, the forestry expands by 100 million loads annually, and the logging quantity is 92.4 million tons. The major forestry sectors are wood handling, paper processing, as well as energy wood. The wood products for making biomass energy mainly come from the 3 markets above, about 23.48 m3.



Basic material of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings use up 53%, sawdust 35%, and also wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture residues, energy forestry) occupies 7%. Some tiny wood pellet manufacturing facility are built base upon chipboard, furnishings and sawdust mills.



With more firms engaging in biomass fuel manufacturing, the competition on the raw materials become more fierce. As the plant straws in Sweden remain in scattered circulation, they are difficult to gather and refine. So some producers as well as institutes are establishing new products like peat as well as energy crops.



Wood pellet making technology and devices

The pellet molding technology has grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has accomplished commercial and also market production. The manufacturing procedure includes high automation, needing much less drivers. The picture below presented the wood pellet manufacturing process.



Drying: normally, the wetness web content of sawdust is around 50%. A drum dryer can reduce the dampness material to 9-12% to ensure that it is received making pellets.

Crushing: the dimension of resources should be under 5mm. They need a hammer mill to minimize the size.

Conditioning: add high-heat heavy steam to the raw materials as well as soften the cellulous in it. Majority of the pellet fuel producers have conditioning procedure in production.

Pellet molding: a lot of wood pellet factories make use of vertical kind ring pass away pellet machine. The manufacturing ability of one machine is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Cooling: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet machine are at the temperature level of 100 ℃. Pellets under this problem are easy to break and bothersome for transportation. A counter-flow colder can cool off the wood pellets in a moderate means.

Packaging: the cooled down pellets require to be identified and also packaged according to clients' need. Little bags are 16kg, large bags are 900kg. For big customers like power plant, the wood pellets are transferred by trucks and ships wholesale.

Biomass pellets category and also application

In 1999, Sweden federal government released the criterion of wood pellet fuel, in which they are classified into 3 classes. The extraordinary has high quality. They can be made use of in domestic small burners and also stoves.The second as well as third do not have premium quality. They are used by large commercial consumers.



Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can fulfill this standard. Several of them can meet the EU standard, others are not produced according to this standard.



Wood pellet fuel can be applied in tiny central heating boilers, medium-scale as well as large home heating supply center as well as power plant. Presently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for small and medium heating boilers as well as regional heating supply facility, and also 40% for large heating supply center and co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden regional home heating plant take on coal to replace oil. After the enact of CO2 emission tax obligation, these home heating plant count on biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the quantity of biomass fuel for home heating expands from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Presently, concerning 400 regional heating plant has actually taken on wood pellet fuel.



Since the mid 1990s, domestic wood pellet sector has made fantastic progression. In the last decades, making use of domestic heating wood pellets grows rapidly. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 families making use of wood pellet central heating boilers, 40,000 households using wood pellet ovens.



Sweden biomass power growth objective and also plan

To promote the continuous development of biomass power, Sweden has made a collection of legislations and policies. To ensure the execute of these policies, the government also made numerous viable supervision procedures and also compulsory market criterion.



Sweden not just fulfill the responsibility stated Kyoto Procedure that cut greenhouse exhaust by 8%, yet additionally established its own growth objective of biomass energy. In 2006, the Minister for sustainable growth department asserted that Sweden will completely utilize biofuels as well as quit making use of oil, as well as come to be the initial nation that completely rely upon renewable energy.



By 2020, Sweden will certainly raise its proportion of renewable energy to 50%, the usage proportion of renewable energy in transport market to 10%, power effectiveness by 20%, and reduced the emission of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive policy

Sweden has performed high price purchase, financial investment subsidies, tax obligation decrease and also exemption, quota system and various other biomass power reward plan.



Given that 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from federal government spending plan to support biomass technology growth. From 1997 to 2002, the federal government supplied 25% investment aid to biomass cogeneration projects. From 2004-2006, the government offered 1350 Euros for citizens who use biomass heater.



Sweden typically lay high tax obligation on fuels, energies, CARBON DIOXIDE, SO2, etc. To promote the advancement of biomass power, to exempt all tax obligations on biomass tasks. In 1991, Sweden government begins to lay tax on carbon dioxide exhaust, which makes the cost of oil and fossil fuel surge. So many warm supply facility as well as nuclear power plant changes from nonrenewable fuel source to biomass fuel.



To motivate the nuclear power plant to utilize biomass energy, Sweden federal government presented electric power quota system. This policy requires the power distributors to have particular portion of power produced by renewable energy. For each 1MWh electrical power, the federal government will certainly offer tax obligation alleviation based on the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel melting tool

Sweden wood pellet melting modern technology is in the leading position. There have been over 20 pellet burner manufacturers, over 50 kinds of wood pellet central heating boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet central heating boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet stoves. As there are still many family members utilizing electrical home heating, the pellet boilers have big potential.




Sweden pellet burning tools has main home heating boiler and biomass cooktop 2 types.



Central heating boiler can be utilized in 1 or even more family members. The thermal transfer with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be adjusted by 30% -100% according to demands. The central home heating central heating boilers additionally has 2 types. The mixed central heating boiler is attached by a pellet heater and a standard boiler. The boiler can connect with different burners. The incorporated boilers are mostly imported from Austria as well as Germany, some produced by residential manufacturers.



Biomass ranges or furnace

Biomass cooktops also has 2 types. Independent pellet cooktop and also Smokeshaft piece kind heating system. The previous on is a lot more preferred. The independent pellet cooktop has a pellet stock container inside, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day use.




Biomass pellet oven can understand automatic filling and burning. Based on various feeding approach, pellet cooktops has leading feed, bottom feed and also straight feed 3 types. Top feed pellet stoves are one of the most preferred. Owing to high comfort and also tidiness, tiny pellet cooktops sell well over the last few years.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel market

Sweden has rich forestry sources and also plentiful forestry waste, which end up being the major raw materials for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has actually been totally advertised. Most producers are big as well as medium companies, with fully grown technology. alfalfa pellet mill for sale manufacturing facilities are mainly improve chipboard, furniture and also saw mills.

The government has made extensive legislations and also policies to drive the wood pellet production. feed pellet mill machine price is why the wood pellet industry establishes quickly given that the 1990s.

Criterion for wood pellet fuel maintain enhancing. In the 1990s, Sweden released the criterion for wood pellets, and determined the method date of pellet fuel and also burners.

Mature burning innovation as well as devices. Over the last few years, Sweden's manufacturing of pellet central heating boiler as well as pellet heating cooktops maintain enhancing.

Perfect quality control system. Sweden government specified that the wood pellet fuel and burning devices must get third-party testing qualifications before getting in the marketplace.



Verdict

Sweden is a major wood pellet fuel manufacturer and customer worldwide. Biomass power plays a crucial duty in its manufacturing and also way of life. Around the world, biomass pellets are mosting likely to play a more crucial role in heating supply, power generation, and commercial production.


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