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Satellite cells are precursors to skeletal muscle cells and are responsible for the ability of muscle tissue to regenerate. ie These embryonic cells remain in the adult and can replace damaged muscle fibers to some degree.
SARCOMERE -
A sarcomere is the basic contractile unit of muscle fiber. Each sarcomere comprises two central protein filaments—actin and myosin— which are the active structures responsible for muscular contraction. It is the repeating unit between two Z lines.
SARCOLEMMA -
The sarcolemma is the plasma membrane of the muscle cell and is surrounded by the basement membrane and endomysial connective tissue. The sarcolemma is an excitable membrane and shares many properties with the neuronal cell membrane
SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM -
The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle cells that is similar to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in other cells. The main function of the SR is to store calcium ions.
SARCOPLASM -
The cytoplasm of striated muscle cells. It plays a critical role in muscle contraction as an increase in Ca2+ concentration in the sarcoplasm begins the process of filament sliding. A decrease in Ca2+ in the sarcoplasm subsequently ceases filament sliding. The sarcoplasm also aids in pH and ion balance within muscle cells.
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