Notes

~A.P

NG IMPORMAL NA SEKTOR: ISANG PAGPAPALIWANAG
-Sa inilahad na economic development model ni W. Arthur Lewis sinasabing nagmula ang paggamit ng konsepto ng impormal na sektor.
-Inilarawan niya ito bilang uri ng hanapbuhay na kabilang sa mga bansang papaunlad pa lamang (developing countries).
-Partikular sa mga ito ang uri ng trabahong hindi bahagi ng makabagong sektor ng industriya.
-Ang pormal na pagsisimula ng mga ekonomista at iskolar sa paggamit ng konseptong ito ay nagsimula noong 1970’s dahil sa isinagawang pag-aaral ni Keith Hart.
-Ang (ILO) ay gumawa ng resolusyon upang magkaroon ng pandaigdigang batayan sa paglalarawan ng impormal na sektor.
-Ayon sa ILO, ang impormal na sektor ay nagtataglay ng malawak na katangian.
-Ito ay binubuo ng mga yunit na nagsasagawa ng pagbuo ng produkto at serbisyo na may layuning makalikha ng empleyo o trabaho at magdulot ng kita sa taong lumalahok dito.
 Noong Abril 2008, nagsagawa ang National Statistics Office (NSO) ng Informal Sector Survey (ISS).
 Batay rito, lumabas na mayroong halos 10.5 milyong tao ang kabilang sa impormal na sektor.
 Ang tinatawag na self-employed ay humigitkumulang 9.1 milyong katao at ang mga employers ay nasa 1.3 milyong katao.
 produkto at serbisyong tutugon sa ating mga pangangailangan.
 Ang kita ng impormal na sektor ay hindi naisasama sa kabuuang Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ng bansa subalit tinataya na ang halaga ng produkto at serbisyo mula rito ay nasa 30%.

 Ayon naman sa IBON Foundation, ang impormal na sektor ay paraan ng mga mamamayan lalo na ang kabilang sa tinatawag na “isang kahig, isang tuka” upang magkaroon ng kabuhayan lalo na sa tuwing panahon ng pangangailangan at kagipitan.
 Sa artikulo ni Cielito Habito sa Philippine Daily Inquirer (PDI) noong Enero 21, 2013, kaniyang sinabi na ang tinatayang kabuuang bahagdan ng impormal na sektor sa GDP ay 40%.
 Tinawag niya rin ang impormal na sektor bilang underground economy o hidden economy.

-Ilan sa mga halimbawa ng mga taong kabilang sa sektor na ito ay ang mga nagtitinda sa kalsada (sidewalk vendor), pedicab driver, karpintero, at mga hindi rehistradong operasyon ng mga pampublikong sasakyan (colorum).
-Kabilang din sa sektor na ito ang mga gawaing ipinagbabawal ng batas tulad ng prostitusyon, ilegal na pasugalan, pamimirata (piracy) ng mga optical media gaya ng compact disc (CD) at digital video disc (DVD).
Kaugnay nito, ang sumusunod ay mga karaniwang katangian ng impormal na sektor:
Ø Hindi nakarehistro sa pamahalaan;
Ø Hindi nagbabayad ng buwis mula sa kinikita;
Ø Hindi nakapaloob sa legal at pormal na balangkas na inilatag ng pamahalaan para sa pagnenegosyo.
 Ang paglaganap ng impormal na sektor ay isang global phenomenon.
 Ang pag-iral nito sa iba’t ibang bansa ay kakikitaan lamang ng pagkakaiba-iba nito ayon sa lawak, dami, at pangkalahatang sistema ng operasyon.
 Gayumpaman, hindi maikakaila ang kontribusyon nito sa pag-unlad ng ekonomiya ng bansa, partikular na sa pagbibigay ng empleyo o hanapbuhay sa mga mamamayan.

Gawain WEEK 7 DAY 1:
(KKK) Katangian, Kabuhayan, Katawagan
Panuto: Batay sa mga kaisipang iyong nabasa, punan mo ang tri-linear model chart sa ibaba. Isagawa ito sa iyong sagutang papel. Pagkatapos ay sagutin mo ang pamprosesong tanong.


~Science

1. What is the gravitational potential energy of a 12.5kg stone that is placed on a balcony 6.5 meters above the ground?
2.Aircraft take off to a height of 500m above the ground, giving it a potential energy of 608458 J. Get the mass of the aircraft?
3.The potential energy of a 54.6 kg log on top of the mountain is 650J. What is the height of the mountain?
4.What is the kinetic energy of the basketball player with a mass of 22.5 kg and a velocity of 5 second?
5. What is the gravitational potential energy of a 2kg hammer that is sitting on a shelf 2.5 meters above the ground? As the hammer falls to the ground with a velocity of 5 seconds, what will be the kinetic energy? Get the total mechanical energy of the hammer.


~MAPEH

OUTDOOR RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
HIKING
Hiking is going on an extended walk for the purpose of pleasure and exercise. Pleasure includes having close with nature, enjoying the beauty of the environment, smelling the natural aroma of flowers and trees and being one with Mother nature. Exercise on the other hand, pertains to the fitness benefits that we get from the activity. Hiking is more of adventure.
1. It offers cardiovascular fitness
2. It gives the feeling of relaxation
3. It balances your daily life routine
4. It’s a good option for weight management activity

Essential Tips for the Outdoors:
• Pick a partner
• Pick a destination
• Know your time and distance
• Be physically ready
• Choose your gear and your backpack
• Pack and wear appropriate clothing
• Plan your meals
• Keep communication lines open
• Wilderness ethics

The TEN ESSENTIAL checklist for Backpackers
1. Navigation
• Map (with protective case)
• Compass
• GPS (optional) 6.aFire
• Matches or lighter
• Waterproof container
• Fire starter
2. Sun Protection
• Sunscreen and lip balm
• Sunglasses 7. Repair kit and tools
• Knife or multi-tool
• Kits for stove, duct tape, etc.
3. Insulation
• Rain jacket 8. Nutrition
• Extra day’s supply of food
4. Illumination
• Headlamp or flashlight
• Extra batteries 9. Hydration
• Water bottles
• Water filter or other treatment system
5. First-aid supplies
• First aid kit 10. Emergency shelter
• Tent, tarp or reflective blanket

*picture*

ORIENTEERING
It is an outdoor navigational recreational activity using specially drawn and detailed maps. It requires navigational skills to navigate from point to point normally moving at a speed. Orienteering offers much benefit to you such as:
1. Conceptual Aspects – enhances your decision making skills about map interpretations and using compass.
2. Physical Aspect – it develops cardiovascular endurance and general fitness.
3. Personal Aspects – develop self-confidence and reliance
4. Social Aspects – learn to work cohesively with one another.
5. Environmental Aspects – it creates an avenue for you to appreciate your environment.

Fundamental Skills in Orienteering:
• Find your approximate location of the map
• Recognize the pattern of features on the ground as being the same as the pattern on the map.
• Always hold the map so that you are looking along the route with the map matching the ground.

The MAP is a picture or representation of the earth’s surface. It includes a compass rose that shows directions. Cardinal directions are four base parts on a compass. The top point is north and the bottom is south. The side points are called east and west.

Orienteering Compass is an invaluable tool that every backpacker should know how to use. It is a magnetized needle floating in a liquid and responding to the earth’s magnetic field consequently revealing directions. Generally, a compass is used to measure bearings and to pinpoint locations.

PARTS OF ORIENTEERING COMPASS
*picture*