Notes

On the net Pharmacies and Telemedicine
Not a day goes on when our email inboxes usually do not fill with advertisements for prescription medications. Several emails promise to provide drugs of most classes by overnight courier without a prescription. While you can find legitimate online pharmacies, and the practice of telemedicine or cyber-medicine is gaining acceptance, this change in the manner medicine has been practiced is rocking the foundations of the medical establishment. Having the capacity to consult a doctor online, and obtain prescription drugs sent to your doorstep by UPS has broad social and legal implications. The Internet facilitates making drugs open to those who might not be able to afford to cover US prices, are embarrassed to see a doctor face-to-face, or are suffering from pain, the treating which puts most doctors in direct conflict with the 'war on drugs' but alternatively there is the question whether these pharmacies make drugs available to recreational drug users minus the oversight of a licensed medical practitioner.

THE NECESSITY for Alternatives

Medical care in the US has reached a spot where it really is expensive and impersonal which has caused the consumer to become generally unsatisfied with the medical establishment all together. For example the huge differences between the cost of drugs in america and Canada, long wait times in US pharmacies, and poor service generally. Perhaps realizing this, US customs seems to tolerate the millions of Americans that visit Canada every year to buy their medications, as for the most part, these 'drug buyers' are elderly American's that can't spend the money for high cost of filling their prescriptions in the US.

Rather than to go to Canada or Mexico millions of Americans are now embracing the Internet for both their medical needs. Telemedicine (or cyber medicine) provides consumers having the ability to both consult with a doctor online and order drugs on the internet at discounted prices. It has resulted in consumers turning to online pharmacies because of their medical needs, and in particular pharmacies with a relationships with your physician, which allow the consumer to totally bypass the traditional brick and mortar pharmacies, with the added good thing about having their physician act as an intermediary between your consumer and the pharmacy. According to Johnson (2005) that is as a result of consumers becoming very dissatisfied when it comes to dealing with both offline pharmacies and doctors. As Johnson, notes, "Individuals are more likely to know the name of these hairdresser than their pharmacist." When Johnson (2005) rated the various professions within the health care system, he found that pharmacists had the cheapest interaction making use of their patients than did any group. Today, due to this "consumers are buying 25.5 percent of these prescriptions online, against 13.5 percent which are found at a offline pharmacy" (Johnson 2005).

Drugs and Society

What has taken so much focus on online pharmacies is that it is possible to obtain just about any drug with out a prescription online. Many of these prescriptions are for legitimate purposes purchased via an online pharmacy as the buyer is too embarrassed to visit the physician or for other reasons including the unavailability of FDA approved drugs to the consumer. These drugs can include steroids that because of their misuse and being classed as a classed a category three drugs, are seldom prescribed by physicians. These drugs have a good purpose to those suffering from any wasting disease such as for example AIDS, they also play a role in ant-aging (FDA, 2004).

THE PHYSICIAN Patient Relationship

Today a visit to a doctor is generally brief, much of the triage it is done by a nurse or a nurse practitioner with the physician only dropping in for a few minutes, if at all. In many cases the patient is seen by way of a nurse practitioner. Among the arguments against telemedicine or perhaps a better term is cyber-medicine, is that the doctor doesn't have a physical relationship with the patients and thus is in no position to make a diagnosis, and thus can not legally prescribe drugs.

Ironically when one compares the work up that one must go through to consult with an online physicians and compares this to a face-to-face visit with a offline doctor, one finds that the online physician, oftentimes, has a better knowledge of the patient's condition than does the doctor who meets face-to-face with the individual. In most cases before an on-line a doctor prescribes any type of medication they insist on a full blood workup they could also require that one has additional tests performed, for instance.

비아마켓 , the federal government, and different states claim, however, that it is illegal for a doctor to prescribe drugs with out a valid doctor-patient relationship. While you can find no laws at present that outlaw online pharmacies, various states have enacted legislation, or are along the way of enacting legislation to prohibit a doctor from prescribing drugs to an individual they have not seen face to face. Some states additionally require that the doctor that prescribes the drugs be licensed within their state. This alone could hamper the development of cyber-medicine. In accordance with William Hubbard (2004), FDA associate commissioner "THE MEALS and Drug Administration says it is giving states first crack at legal action, though it'll step in when states usually do not act" (FDA, 2004).

Internet Pharmacies

The reason why that email boxes round the country fill up with offers to provide drugs of most kinds, at reduced prices, without prescriptions, and more is because people get them as the billions of dollars the drug companies are making every year attest to. The Internet has become the drug store of preference for many.

Categories of Internet Pharmacies

Internet pharmacies are usually acknowledged to be comprised of the next five categories:

Internet pharmacies could be divided up into five different categories, the following:

Licensed online pharmacies with a no medical affiliation.

Licensed online pharmacies with a medical affiliation

No record online pharmacies (NRP)

International online pharmacies (IOP)

Licensed compounding pharmacies

The licensed online pharmacies with a no medical affiliation are of course Drugstore.com, CVV, and others. They all require a prescription from the licensed doctor that the patient has a doctor patient relationship with. The prescription could be called in by the physician.

The licensed online pharmacies with a medical affiliation often be determined by a brokerage. The broker collects your medical information, and assigns your case to 1 of these networked physicians. Many of these networked physicians are willing to prescribe pain killers as they believe that it really is only through the use of these drugs that some individuals can live a harmonious life.

A Government Accountability Office (GAO) Committee on aging held in June 2004 discovered that "Unlicensed international pharmacies do not require a prescription, and are generally located off shore." No prescription pharmacies can be found around the world. Many of these sites have come under controversy as in some cases all it takes to have that prescription sent to you by following day air, is to complete a questionnaire online.

A report conducted by Henkle in 2002 to see how easy it will be to obtain drugs online discovered that "37 of the 46" pharmacy required a prescription from a licensed doctor. The emphasis was on the prescription rather than on the physician. Henkle (2002) actually notes that some sites wanted to recommend a doctor." Henkle (2002) could obtain prescription medications from nine sites outside the US during the study, with out a prescription.

Online pharmacies with a doctor affiliation

There are many of online pharmacies, with a medical affiliation is that take great pain to differentiate themselves form unlicensed overseas pharmacies. These pharmacies, stress that they are "American based companies that delivers consumer's easy access to FDA approved online prescriptions on the internet and are quick to point out that "An online consultation could be just as relevant as an in-person consultation." It really is interesting to note that lots of of the online pharmacies also explain that "While they're committed to making usage of online prescriptions easier, they think that the Internet can not replace the importance of regular doctor visits to totally evaluate your health and any medical conditions." Many of these online pharmacy sites also makes an abundance of drug information available on its web site that enables the consumer to educate themselves on drugs that could have been prescribed. The Internet has for all intensive purposes is quickly replacing the brick and mortar base physician as a patient's primary health care provider.
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