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现在我们再回到呕吐、嗳气、呃逆这三个病的病机上来。
胃气以和降为顺,胃失和降,如果没有影响其他的脏腑,只是 胃气上逆,轻者则恶心,重者则呕吐。如果行气上逆影响到 心,就会嗳气,如《素问•宣明五气篇》说:“五气所病,心 为噫。”噫即嗳气,临床上所见的嗳气患者,也多伴有心情的 不畅,当今治疗胃病的名家、 제주출장안마 ,也是取其开心窍(见《神农本草经》)之功, 至于为什么胃气上逆会影响到心呢?还是那句话:“不明十二 经络,幵口动手便错。”大家可以自己去思考。胃楨膈下,胃 气上逆动膈就会呃逆,所以针灸治疗呢逆,常规的针灸处方是 治疗胃气上逆的中脘、内关、足三里,再加上治臈的腸俞.
膈肌痉挛的病位在膈,因为胄居膈下,胃气一上逆就容易 动膈,一动膈就会出现呃逆,所以呢逆的直接病机是动膈,而 不是胃气上逆。H气上逆可以动膈, 제주출장마사지 也可以动膈呢?当然可以,只+过临床上最多见的是胃气上逆 而匕6这也就是为什么用和固降逆的丁香柿蒂散和中脘1内 关、足三里只能治好大部分呃逆,对一小部分呃逆仍然无效的 原因s
本书的前面讲“四关主治五脏”时提及膈为四关之 > 是 1:焦和中焦的分界线,从经络来看,许多经脉也都过膈.所以 不论是上焦的心肺,中焦的脾胃肝脫大小肠,下焦的肾膀胱 (温病学派将肝列人下焦),其气机逆乱后,都可以动膈而出现 呃逆,所以,呃逆应从三焦五脏论治,限于篇幅,此不赘述,
《素问•咳论》说:“五脏六腑皆令人咳,非独肺也,咳 嗽主要治肺,但不能只治肺。呃逆也是如此,也可以说“五脏 六腑皆令人哕,非独胃也”。再回头看一下《内经我们就会
发现.《内经》治呃逆主要治胃,但又不是只洽宵。如《素 问•宣明五气篇》s: H胃为气逆为哕7就说明呃逆主要与胃 有关。《灵枢• U问第二十八》说:“黄帝曰:人之哕者,何气 便然?岐伯曰:谷人于胃,胃气上注于肺。今有故寒气与新谷 气,俱还人于胃,新故相乱,真邪相攻,气并相逆*复出于 胃,故为哕。补手太阴,泻足少阴。”说明呃逆不仅与胃有关, 还与肺有关,本来是中焦胃的病,治疗却也可以从上焦的肺经 和下焦的肾经人手。m枢•杂病第二十六》则记载了 3神治 疗呢逆的简便方法:“哕,以草刺舆,嚏,嚏而已;无息而疾 迎引之,立已;大惊之,亦可已z其中的取嚏法.外治宗师 吴师机《琍淪骈文s称之为开通上焦、治疗上焦病的第-徒 法,我曾治一例顽固性呃逆,用通关散(猪牙皂研末)嗅闻 后,连打五六个喷嚏,呃逆立止.
我齊搜集过1980〜1990这10年期间国内杂志独取-穴治 疗呃逆的报道,计有19穴,分别是头项部10穴(攒竹、翳 风' 人迎、天鼎、天突、人中、安定穴1风池风府之间、咽后 壁,耳穴膈),四肢部8六(少商、太渊、内关、合谷、曲池、 中魁穴、手针穴、照海),躯干部1穴(神阙h这19个穴据 报道都有较好的疗效。"F面将我在临床上的常用穴介绍如下:
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