Notes

Animal cells are eukaryotic cells with a membrane-bound nucleus and other functional organelles123. They lack a cell wall and chloroplasts13. They are involved in various metabolic processes, such as respiration, digestion, motility, reproduction, and cell division1. They can also self-destruct or self-repair when damaged4. Animal cells vary in size, shape, and specialization, depending on their functions and adaptations235. Some animal cells may swim when necessary5. The largest known animal cell is the ostrich egg, while the smallest is the neuron2.
Structure Function

Nucleus Control centre of the cell. It contains the cell’s genetic information arranged in chromosomes.
Chromosomes Threadlike structure found in the nucleus. Made of DNA which contains the genetic information of the cell.
Cytoplasm Chemical reactions take place here.
Mitochondria Site of cell respiration. Very abundant in cells that need a lot of energy (e.g. muscle cells).
Cell membrane A selectively permeable boundary surrounding the cell which allows some substances to enter and leave the cell while preventing others.
Nuclear membrane Surrounds nucleus.

Structure Function
Cellulose cell wall A rigid structure outside the cell membrane that provides support.
Large permanent vacuole Contains cell sap and when full pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall, providing support.
Chloroplasts Contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps light for photosynthesis.