Notes

Wood pellets sector and also market in Canada<br>
Drives of biomass power growth

Biomass industry experts point out 3 drives in Canada: ecological stress, management goals of sustainnable forestry, as well as cost benefits.



Biomass gas are carbon neutral. Plants absorb CO2 in its growth and produce the very same quantity of CO2 in burning, so they does not include added greenhouse gases to the environment. Besides, biomass power can reduce the use of coal, gas and also oil, which is the souce of greenhouse gases.



Sustainable forestry is a typical goal of all public lands in Canada. It considers woodland health and wellness, wild animals environment and also biodiversity in the exploration of forestry resources. From financial prospect, sustainable forestry monitoring aims to use all materials in one of the most reliable method, including wood wast. Nevertheless, it is not wise to transform all forestry waste right into biomass power. In some cases it is handy to leave some wood waste in the forestry to safeguard wildlife environments as well as advertise dirt nutrients regeneration.



When the price of traditional fuels drop, biomass energy will lose advantages. The rate competitors makes the manufacturers create a lot more reliable means to refine biomass power, particularly to decrease the cost of raw mateirals transport. By controling the manufacturing expense, biofuels are affordable with conventional gas. As an example, if the cost of a barrel of oil is more than $17, biomass power is much more cost-effective.



Renewable resource reward policy

The manufacturing and intake of wood pellets in Canada is driven by international demand and residential plan. Canadian Federal federal government has drawn a plan to quit using coals by 2030, and also raise the proportion of renewable energy in power generation to 90%.



Presently, coal power contributes 10% of the complete greenhouse gas discharge in Canada. Coal plants are primarily located in Alberta( 10 ), Saskatchewan( 2 ), New Brunswick( 1 ), as well as Nova Scotia. According to the policy, New Brunswick as well as Alberta state to progressively eliminate coals by 2030, as well as convert several coal-fired nuclear power plant into co-fired or biomass power plant.



In domestic home heating market, the fire wood range substitute job in Nova scotia, Quebec, brand-new Brunswick, British Columbia, as well as Ontario will boost the residential wood pellet market. （ HPBAC ， 2016 ）.



Wood pellet manufacturing in Canada.

In 2010, Canada can produce 2 million lots of wood pellets annually. The wood pellet manufacturing facilities can create 1.3 Mt, accounting for 65% of the residential total production, and also export 1.2 Mt of them. In 2011, the manufacturing rise to 1.5 Mt, with 1.3 Mt for export.In 2012, the production ability has reached up 3Mt. Kind 2015-2016, the wood pellet manufacturing increases by 1Mt annually. In 2016, Canada has 42 pellet factory, with the production ability over 4Mt, and also new pellet manufacturing facilities remain in building and construction.



British Columbia creates over 150,000 wood pellets yearly, accounting for 60% of the complete production in Canada. The next are Ontario and also Quebec. The wood pellet manufacturing facilities in Ontario mostly serve residential market, while the wood pellet factories in British Columbia offer overseas large warm nuclear power plant. Various other provinces have many little pellet manufacturing facilities primarily serving local market, with the total production capacity around 50,000 tons.



Biomass materials in Canada.

In Canada, the biomass resources spread out in those provinces with reactive pulp, paper and also forestry sector, consisting of Ontario, Alberta, Quebec, as well as New Brunswick. Biomass materials such as barks, sawdust, wood chips, braches are utilized to make wood pellets, biogas, cellulosic ethanol, biodiesel, and bio-oil.



In the past, several paper mills has a specialized area to produce hog gas, the blended barks as well as wood wastes made use of to generate heat and also power. With more and more paper mills combine with saw mills in the 1990s, the wood wastes are transferred to the saw mills. In the last 10 years, with numerous saw mills close down, the source of wood waste decrease greatly, so forestry come to be a significant source to acquire biomass products.



Forestry biomass products can be obtained in various forms. It is prominent to collect branches, branches, needles, barks, and so on, which is executed in addition to logging, but the transportation price is high. Besides, wood pellet machine maker comes from silvicultural thinning, right of way clearing, sphagnum peat, or the deposits after fire, condition and also pest pests.



Tamarack as well as larch ended up being prominent in biomass market. They are except making woodworks or documents, yet appropriate for biomass gas manufacturing owing to high growth speed. They are going to be an affordable remedy to produce sustainable power.



Wood pellets Export market.

The wood pellets in Canada are generally exported to Europe (including England as well as Belgium) and also Asia (consisting of Japan as well as Korean) and also household heating market in America.Canadian Statistical Bureau reported the export statics of the last 4 years.



Thanks to position advantages, British Columbia has come to be the among the initial wood pellet suppliers for Oriental and Japan Market. In the past years, Canada's wood pellets export has used up 2/3 of Japan's wood pellet import. (Strauss 2016).



In 2016, Canada's wood pellet export boosts by 46% and also reach up to 2.37 Mt. Japan contributed the largest growth rate of 240%, and also England has the largest development quantity of 458,217 ton.( WPAC ， 2017).



In the future, the majority of wood pellets in Canada will certainly keep on offering oversea market. Canadian wood pellet manufacturers need to depend on Europe and also Asia market. In Asia, Korea is mosting likely to be a flourishing market, with lots of independent power manufacturers as well as markets adopting wood pellets. informative post is most likely to have the fastest development, with a growing number of coal-fired nuclear power plant to be converted. Japanese market is anticipated to expand by 10-12Mt annually.



Wood pellets residential usage.

Canada's residential wood pellet usage is 300,000 bunches annually, generally for domestic home heating oven as well as the biomass power plants.



The domestic property home heating market will stay stable, or increase the size of with the growing price of home heating oil. The co-firing power plant will raise domestic market. However wood pellet needs to take on various other renewable energy such as solar and wind. Besides, wood pellets are recognized as expensive, whose advantages such as uniform dimension, storability, and also fluidity haven't get due interest.



Biomass power generation in Canada.

Canada National Power Board recently published a report on the application of renewable energy. It pointes out Canada embraces higher portion of renewable resource in power generation compared to various other industrialized countries.



As the record shows, Canada has 70 biomass power plant in 2014, with the complete gross capability of 2408MW. The biomass consists of wood, wood by-products, and also land fill gas. In general, biomass takes up 1.9% of the total power generation in Canada. In carver pellet press , the biomass power generation depends on 12,161 GWh, which has grown up by 54% because 2005.



Atikokan is the biggest 100% biomass fuel power plant, owned by Ontario Power Generation. This nuclear power plant is transformed from coal-fired nuclear power plant right into biomass power plant with 170 million Canadian Bucks in 2012. Given that 2014, Atikokan has undertaken the peak demand for power. It calls for 1000 tons of wood pellets every year, using up 30% of the domestic efficiency.



Sandbey, one more power plant in Ontario, is additionally exchanged wood pellet fired. Currently, it eats about 8000 lots of carbonized wood pellets from Norway.



Wood pellet rate.

The prices for mass export in overseas market is between 150 and also 180 Canadian dollars. The pellets targeting at America's residential heating market are sold in bags, which has greater rate of 210-280 Canadian dollars( Canada Stats). The area rate of bagged wood pellets (40 extra pound) is $5.24, amounting to $262/ton, as well as $15.41/ GJ.



According a project in British Columbia, the cost of home heating wood pellets (including operation and electrical power) is $15.9/ GJ, dimethylmethane is $24.36/ GJ (consisting of delivery, carbon tax as well as electric fans), power is $29.47/ GJ, and heating oil is $33.93/ GJ.( Murray, 2015).




Wood pellets logistics.

Canada's wood pellets are exported out of British Columbia through the Vancouver port and also Royal prince Rupert port. Inland, the rails attach the wood pellet manufacturing facilities and ports, as well as vehicles transportation forestry products to the wood pellet factory.



The new trade roadway from eastern Canada to Europe, and also the wood pellet manufacturing facilities in the eastern districts like Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick embraces barges for transportation.

Read More: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/1-48th-hen-pellet-making-maker-pet