Notes

Line:

Definition: Line is a continuous mark made on a surface with a tool or implied by the edge of an object. It can vary in length, width, direction, and character (e.g., straight, curved, wavy, jagged, thick, thin).
Function: Lines can define shapes, create patterns, convey movement, and lead the viewer's eye through an artwork. They can also express emotions and moods, depending on their character and arrangement.
Shape:

Definition: Shape refers to a two-dimensional area defined by an outline or a boundary. Shapes can be geometric (e.g., squares, circles, triangles) or organic (irregular and freeform).
Function: Shapes are the basic building blocks of an artwork. They can be used to create patterns, represent objects, and establish the overall composition's structure.
Form:

Definition: Form refers to the three-dimensional aspect of an object that has volume, depth, and a sense of mass. It is a concept closely related to shape but with an added dimension.
Function: Artists use various techniques, such as shading, lighting, and perspective, to create the illusion of form in a two-dimensional artwork. Form adds depth and realism to the depiction of objects.
Value:

Definition: Value refers to the degree of lightness or darkness in an artwork or an element within it. It is often depicted using a grayscale from white to black.
Function: Value is crucial for creating contrast, defining shapes and forms, and conveying depth and volume. It helps establish the visual hierarchy within a composition.
Texture:

Definition: Texture refers to the tactile quality or surface characteristics of an object or material. In art, it can be implied or actual, and it influences how an artwork feels visually.
Function: Texture can add visual interest and depth to an artwork. Artists use various techniques (e.g., brushstrokes, collage, stippling) to create the illusion of different textures, such as roughness, smoothness, softness, or hardness.
Space:

Definition: Space in art refers to the distance or depth within a two-dimensional composition. It can be divided into positive space (occupied by objects or forms) and negative space (the empty or background areas).
Function: Artists use techniques like perspective, scale, and overlapping to create the illusion of space and depth in a flat artwork. The manipulation of space can affect the composition's balance, emphasis, and overall visual impact.