Notes

Myoclonic Tonic Seizures
Myoclonic tonic seizures are an involuntary jerking of the muscles that can happen in many epileptic syndromes. Seizure Alarms They are usually short in duration. These seizures can also cause the person to drop something or fall down.

There are several types of myoclonic tonic seizures. These include myoclonic jerks, tonic-clonic seizures, and absence seizures.

The first clinical description of myoclonic tonic seizures was made by Nikolaus Friedreich. He noted that the conduction velocity of the cortex to the muscle was about 60 m/s.

This conduction velocity can be accompanied by a spike-and-wave discharge on the electroencephalogram. If the myoclonic component occurs, the conduction of the spike-and-wave to the muscle is interrupted for about 500 milliseconds.

Myoclonic tonic seizures can occur in conjunction with other types of seizures. For instance, in patients with generalized epilepsy, erratic myoclonus can result from a corticothalamic loop and cortical hyperexcitability.

A study of patients with intellectual disability in the Netherlands identified nocturnal seizures. These seizures were detected by 3-dimensional accelerometry and photoplethysmography.

The EEG showed burst suppression, as well as generalized polyspike-wave discharges. These bursts are about 3-6 seconds long. In addition, the background was slowing down.

When diagnosing the patient, the cardiopulmonary status is the first step. The changes are not severe enough to require mechanical ventilation support.

The diagnosis is then made based on the clinical manifestations. In a patient with JME, there are three types of seizures: typical absence seizures, myoclonic absences, and tonic-clonic seizures.
Read More: https://epilepsyseizure.co.nz/