Notes

Generalized Tonic Seizure
Generalized tonic seizures (GTS) are seizures involving both sides of the brain. They are most commonly associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The seizures are usually brief, lasting from a few seconds to a minute.

GTS have a different mechanism from generalized tonic clonic (GTC) seizures. During GTC, the ictal EEG is predominantly frontally predominant fast rhythmic spikes. This is followed by a period of attenuation or low-voltage fast activity at 20 Hz.

In addition, GTC seizures may have a clonic component. Clonic seizures include jerking movements, which are accompanied by polyspikes. Other features include tachycardia, blood pressure rise, and urinary incontinence.

The electroclinical features of GTS can vary depending on the type of muscle involved. Some of these features include tachycardia, hypersalivation, and Audible respiratory grunting. A person may also experience facial tremors and shivering.

Another characteristic is the degree of cognitive impairment. Seizure Alarm for bed Typically, tonic seizures occur in infants, children, or adults. If the individual has intellectual disability, the prognosis for seizure control will be poor. Compared to GTC, tonic seizures are more likely to happen when the person is asleep.

The most accurate way to diagnose a patient with a seizure is to observe the scene of the seizure. Tonic seizures can be difficult to differentiate from dystonic activity.

One of the most important differences between tonic seizures and GTC is that the latter involves the entire body. Usually, the muscles stiffen, the person falls backwards, and he/she is at risk of falling. Depending on the etiology, the seizure may also involve the eyes rolling back in the head.
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