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Union Pacific Cancer Cluster
The Union Pacific Rail Yard just northeast of downtown Houston is contaminated by chemicals that are associated with a cancer-related cluster. The chemicals include creosote and dioxin.
A study revealed that the groundwater and the soil around the railyard were contaminated with substantial amounts of the toxic substances. Researchers have found that residents affected have been diagnosed with a variety of illnesses like skin cancer, prostate cancer , and bile-duct cancer that is a form of liver cancer.
Creosote
Creosote is a compound that contains hundreds of chemicals that are used to preserve wood and other materials. It is believed to be carcinogen. Creosote could cause damage to the eyes and skin irritation, as well as cancer.
Houston's union pacific cancer cluster is comprised of a group that is infected by creosote. Union Pacific has been protesting the contamination for months and the community is demanding they eliminate it.
It has been a long battle for residents to get the company to clean up the pollution. They haven't given up, and they are now suing the railroad in federal courts, hoping the company will eventually accept responsibility for the pollution.
They claim that creosote the most toxic substance, is infiltrating their homes and making people sick. They claim that pollution has caused cancer in children five times more frequently than the national average.
In addition to creating illness, the pollution is also leading residents to lose their jobs and homes. The pollution is leaching into the soil, air and water in the surrounding area.
According to the Houston Chronicle, creosote was disposed of at the site, which was owned by Southern Pacific, for decades before it was acquired by Union Pacific in 1997. The company did not accept responsibility for the pollution until recently, when residents initiated a movement to clean up the polluted area.
Despite their efforts, people living in the union Pacific cancer cluster continue be affected by illnesses such as lung and esophagus cancers. They also have a high rate of childhood lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Researchers aren't able identify the exact cause of the contamination. However they believe it could be caused by the presence of chemicals in creosote. These chemicals have been linked with increased risks of esophagus, lung and throat cancers.
It is believed that the chemical was utilized in a variety of ways, including wood preservation and as an anti-ringworm treatment. It is also used in fungicides, insecticides, and other fungicides.
Research shows that the chemicals in creosote undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction that makes them toxic. This process can lead to biodegradation of the substances, and release toxic byproducts in the soil and water. However, the process can take time and is only efficient if the chemical compounds are not too high in concentration.
Dioxin
Dioxin is a class of chemicals that have been linked with a variety of types of cancers. It is toxic to kidneys, liver and central nervous system.
The chemical is found in the soil, air and water. It can be absorbed through skin or in food items. It is one of the so-called "dirty dozen" chemicals.
Dioxins that are high in levels could cause health problems such as liver and cancer when people are exposed to them in workplace accidents or exposure to them. However, the health risks of low levels dioxins are not well understood.
The long-term effects of this contaminant remain being studied by scientists. It has been linked to cancer in lab animals and in those who live in contaminated areas.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) dioxins have been found to increase the risk of certain kinds of cancer. They also can affect the immune and reproductive systems. In addition, they can cause some kinds of birth defects.
Some of the most common ways in which dioxins can be taken in is through eating fat-rich foods, burning household waste and being exposed to hazardous waste. Other sources of dioxins that are found in the environment include industrial accidents, herbicides, and pesticides.
If you smoke, you are more likely to have higher levels of dioxins than the other people. You can reduce your risk by quitting smoking.
It is also essential to eat a healthy, nutritious and balanced diets, especially vegetables, fruits and grains. These foods can reduce or prevent your exposure to dioxins and their compounds.
A healthy diet can protect you from other health problems caused by dioxins, such as lung or bronchus cancers. It is also recommended to avoid eating dairy products and meats that are that are high in fat.
You can reduce your exposure to harmful substances by choosing foods that are low in fat. It is important to consume lots of fresh vegetables and fruits and to drink plenty of water.
Dioxin is a dangerous chemical, has been linked to various types of cancers, including liver and breast cancer. It can cause harm to the brain, heart and the lungs.
Toxic Metals
Metals like cadmium nickel, copper, chromium and iron are essential for living but can be toxic if they are used in excess. They can also be found in trace amounts in sewage and other polluting sources, and in electronic waste (ewaste).
Many heavy metals in the environment have been associated with various diseases including cancer. Although they are important in the development and progression of these diseases It is not known what they do to different organ systems.
The toxicity of heavy metals is dependent on the chemical properties of individual ions and the specific targets in the cell which these ions bind. These interactions include the production of ROS, inhibition of enzymes that generate the oxidative metabolites, and the inactivation of other proteins that could be able to protect cells from toxic.
As well as these common mechanisms, each metal has its own distinctive toxicities. For example, cadmium and copper may weaken the antioxidant defense by producing superoxide anion radicals (ROS) that can damage mitochondrial function and DNA. These metals also connect to proteinphosphatases (PP) and block the activity of glutathione oxidase.
Lead, arsenic, as well as other oxidative stresses that cause inflammation or lipid peroxidation are often linked to these. These oxidative stresses can lead to heart disease, lung cancer as well as other health issues.
This is particularly the case for lead and arsenic which can trigger the expression of pro-inflammatory chemokines and microRNAs that promote the growth of cancer cells. It is possible that these chemicals be able to interact with genes that are involved in cell cycle progression and DNA repairs to enhance their mutagenic or carcinogenic effects.
The risk of prostate cancer is another important role that heavy metals play. This is an important issue since prostate cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among men, and the leading cause of death in the United States.
Moreover, cadmium and copper have been shown to increase the risk of developing cardiovascular health such as coronary heart disease, cadmium and stroke. These findings are significant because they provide evidence for the (often not widely recognized) importance of environmental toxic metals in increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, besides their role as behavioural factors. However, more research is needed to better understand the connections and assess causality.
Pesticides
Pesticides are chemical compounds that are used to combat insects, diseases, and fungi in the agricultural sector (Langley and Mort 2012, Mostafalou and Abdollahi 2017,). They are vital in maintaining agriculture and in providing safe foodstuffs for people. They could be harmful to the environment and the human body if inhaled or come in direct contact with skin.
In the United States, the number of pesticides deployed is estimated to be greater than 1.1 billion pounds annually. This is a large amount of harmful chemicals that can be inhaled, or ingestion. The use of pesticides are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Pesticides are often employed on a variety of crops. However there is a growing concern over their impact on the environment and human health. The World Health Organization has classified certain pesticides as potentially carcinogenic or cause cancer.
There is an increasing effort to determine the relationship between exposure to pesticides and cancer. These studies are conducted by employing a mix of methods such as multilevel mixed effects models with linear linearity and Cox proportional hazards regressions.
These methods are commonly used to analyze the relationship between a particular chemical, and health outcomes such as cancer at a local, state or national scale. This is especially important since it provides a comprehensive picture of the possible relationships between environmental pollutants and health outcomes, allowing the conduct of targeted studies on specific chemicals.
Another important aspect of pesticides is their possible exposure to work-related activities that require their use, transportation, and storage. This can be affected by a variety of factors, including the worker's location and the chemicals they use.
Additionally, pesticides can be absorbed through direct contact to the skin or by inhalation and can also be present in food. This can be harmful to the health of children and infants.
Pesticides can also harm groundwater and air, which can cause respiratory problems and kidney damage. The pollutants can be released through a variety sources, like factories and waste incinerators. Among the most hazardous are dioxins. They can cause cancer and other illnesses like liver disease.
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