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Lincoln didn’t free the slaves in any states by this (war wasn’t over)
Lincoln seized the slaves as commander in chief of the army
If the civil war ends before the 13th amendment is passed, the EP is unconstitutional and all the free slaves will be returned to their past owners
The document was mainly for whites to save the Union, slavery was secondary
Main points of document
It applied only to states that had seceded from the Union, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states.
Exempted parts of the Confederacy that were under Northern control.
The freedom it promised depended upon Union winning
Ulysses Grant- people like him better as general than president
perceived as bloodthirsty general but really helped win the war by putting men out
wasn’t educated in politics and didn’t listen to other people (strong in his opinion)
Reconstruction
Thaddeus Stevens, Ben Wade, Charles Sumner- wanted stricter terms for South (Radical Republicans)
Postwar Amendments
13th Amendment (1865)- Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except for punishment for crime, shall exist in the US (to stop slavery)
14th Amendment (1868)- Everyone born in the US is a citizen and cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; or deny anyone the equal protection of law (stop saying slaves weren’t citizens)
15th Amendment (1870)- men have the right to vote (stop denying vote to blacks)
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