Notes

What Is an Electrical Substation?
Electricity isn't delivered straight from the power station to your home. A process is needed to lower the voltage supplied from power stations to a safer, lower voltage which may be sent to homes and businesses. It's the job of a power substation to perform this task. https://blogfreely.net/builder574/energy-engineering manages the network to ensure it really is working optimally and fault free.

What is found in a Substation?

The main component of a substation is a power transformer. The transformer is a device that is used to diminish or raise the voltage of the power fed to it. Switchgear is really a key element of a substation to control and protect circuits, as well as increasing the reliability of the electrical supply, reducing fault currents.

Circuit breakers are integrated to slice the power supply in the event of a problem. When the circuit is disconnected, the circuit breaker pulls apart the contacts. A variety of property types can trigger this opening including oil, gas, vacuum and air.

Oil depends on vaporization of oil to inject a shot of oil through the arc (the arc quenches once the circuit is disconnected)
Vacuum circuit breakers are commonly used in medium voltage switchgear as they have minimal arching
Gas quenches the arc using the strength of the magnetic field

Air circuit breakers use compressed air to quench the arc
Whatever the material, circuit breakers can disconnect the circuit extremely quickly, from less than 30ms.

The voltage of the electric current leaving a power station is 25,000 volts. The purpose of a substation is to increase or decrease the voltage depending on its location.

Large Substations

To send the energy across long distances a large substation (known as a grid substation) increases the voltage for this type of journey. High voltage currents leave a grid substation on high overhead lines carrying insulators (made of ceramics and glass) to make certain the current doesn't happen to be the ground.

Small Substations

In the united kingdom smaller substations can be found to lower voltage to 33,000 volts. In more developed areas substations lower the voltage a lot more, between 11,000 and 33,000 volts. These substations directly deliver factories, hospitals and the rail network for example.

Pole mounted transformers also exist to lessen the voltage to 230 volts, a safe voltage that can be delivered to homes.

An electrical current may pass through several substations on the way to its destination.

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