Notes

ALL PURPOSE
These enchantments can be applied to any armor/tool/weapon.

Y Mending - Repairs the item when gaining XP orbs. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Y Unbreaking - Increases item durability. (Max enchantment level: 3)
X Curse of Vanishing - Item destroyed upon death. (Max enchantment level: 1)
ARMOR
Aqua Affinity - Increase the rate of underwater mining speed. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Blast Protection - Reduces explosion damage and knockback. (Max enchantment level: 4)
X Curse of Binding - Items cannot be removed from armor slots unless the cause is death or breaking. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Depth Strider - Increases underwater movement speed. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Feather Falling - Reduces fall damage. (Max enchantment level: 4)
Fire Protection - Reduces fire damage and burn time. (Max enchantment level: 4)
Frost Walker - Changes the water source blocks beneath the player into frosted ice and prevents the damage the player would take from standing on magma blocks. (Max enchantment level: 2)
Projectile Protection - Reduces projectile damage. (Max enchantment level: 4)
Protection - Reduces most types of damage by 4% for each level. (Max enchantment level: 4)
Respiration - Extends underwater breathing time. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Soul Speed - Increases walking speed on soul sand and soul soil. ((Max enchantment level: 3)
Thorns - Reflects some of the damage taken when hit, at the cost of reducing durability. (Max enchantment level: 3)
MELEE WEAPONS
Bane of Arthropods - Increases damage and applies Slowness IV to arthropod mobs (spiders, cave spiders, silverfish, endermites and bees). (Max enchantment level: 5)
Efficiency - When applied to an axe it increases the chance that the axe may stun a shield, with the base chance being 25% and a 5% increase for each level of efficiency. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Fire Aspect - Sets target on fire. (Max enchantment level: 2)
Looting - Increases amount of loot earned from mobs. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Impaling - Trident deals additional damage to mobs that spawn naturally in the ocean. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Knockback - Knocks back mobs away from you when hit. (Max enchantment level: 2)
Sharpness - Increases weapon damage. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Smite - Increases damage to undead mobs. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Sweeping Edge - Increases sweeping attack damage. Available only in Java Edition (Max enchantment level: 3)
RANGED WEAPONS
Channeling - Trident channels a bolt of lightning toward a hit entity. Functions only during thunderstorms and if the target is unobstructed by opaque blocks. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Flame - Arrows set targets on fire. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Impaling - Trident deals additional damage to mobs that spawn naturally in the ocean. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Infinity - Shooting with projectiles does not consume arrows. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Loyalty - Trident returns after being thrown. Higher levels reduce the return time. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Riptide - Trident launches player with itself when thrown. Functions only in water or rain. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Multishot - Shoot 3 arrows at the cost of one; only one arrow can be recovered. (Max enchantment level: 1)
Piercing - Arrows pass through multiple entities (Max enchantment level: 4)
Power - Increases arrow damage. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Punch - Increases arrow knockback. (Max enchantment level: 2)
Quick Charge - Decreases crossbow charging time. (Max enchantment level: 3)
TOOLS
Efficiency - Increases mining speed. (Max enchantment level: 5)
Fortune - Increases certain item drop chances from blocks. (Max enchantment level: 3)
Luck of the Sea - Increases rate of fishing rare loot (enchanting books, etc.) (Max enchantment level: 3)
Lure - Decreases wait time until fish/junk/loot “bites” (Max enchantment level: 3)
Silk Touch - Mined blocks will drop as blocks instead of breaking into other items/blocks. (Max enchantment level: 1)