Notes

cold rolled carbon steel coil
Carbon steel - a type of steel enriched with carbon as its primary fraction - has the potential to classify under four types, diffused by altered levels of carbon present. Low-carbon steel or "iron" or "mild steel" holds a carbon content between 0.04 to 0.25%. The middle tier of carbon steel sits in the range between 0.30 and 0.60%, while high-carbon steel has a larger window encompassing from 0.61% to 1.50%. Topping out the classification is ultra-high carbon steel that encompasses a small but powerful concentration of 1.51 to 2.00%. This phenomenal fraction makes it the toughest and most fragile of all the carbon steels.

The combination of carbon and iron creates an obstacle for carbon steel, prohibiting it from undergoing the heat-treatment process. Nevertheless, with the contribution of other elements, namely manganese, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium, iron diffusion is greatly encouraged and a variety of heat-treatable carbon steels become possible. Thus, the addition of these components offers the potential to obtain an expansive array of microstructures and properties.

When it comes to cold-rolled steel, low-carbon can typically be found within appliances, furniture, and car body panels. For instances where maximum strength is a must, medium and high-carbon steel is ideal for components used with cutting tools and springs. For applications that need greater durability and abrasive resistance operations like cutting tools and ball bearings require ultra-high-carbon steel.

Beginning with steel at its non-crystallized temperature, cold-rolling applies a transformative pressure that introduces bends, breaks, and strains to the material. These changes modify the microstructure of the steel, bestowing upon it increased strength in exchange for reduced ductility. In every way, the outcome of cold-rolling is quite remarkable: when put to the test, cold-rolled steel often proves 20-25% tougher than its hot-rolled counterpart.

Through addition of alloys like manganese, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium, the characteristics of cold-rolled steel can be tailored to meet specific needs. Whether these elements are introduced in steel manufacture or after the rolling process, they impart different advantageous qualities. For instance, manganese strengthens and hardens low-carbon steel while chromium provides it with greater corrosion protection as well as hardenability. Similarly, molybdenum is added for a trifecta of advantages including increased strength, hardness and toughness. Lastly, stainless plate contributes increased strength and toughness to the metal.

Commonly used for appliances, furniture, and car shells is low-carbon cold-rolled steel. Medium- and high-carbon steel is best for constructing tools for cutting and items that require more durability, such as springs. Ultra-high-carbon steels are just what you need to fashion cutting tools and ball bearings.
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