Notes

end mill depth of cut chart
An end mill is a cutting implement utilized for various industrial milling operations. It is distinct from a drill bit in its purpose, shape, and production. End mills can usually cut in any direction, whereas the scope of the drill bit is limited to up-down motions.

Milling machines utilize end mills to achieve their purpose, implementing different techniques such as profile milling, tracer milling, face milling, and plunging. Of the two materials chosen for end mills - carbide and high-speed steel (HSS) - carbide is most commonly employed in industrial milling, while HSS is specifically selected based on the material being cut, the speed and feed rate desired, the necessary type of cutter, and the sought-after surface finish.

ball end mill bit of end mills exist for a variety of machining operations. The flat end mill is the most commonly used and works well for everyday milling tasks. Ball end mills, which are well suited for creating curves and contouring edges, can be essential for artistic or architectural projects. Taper end mills are designed to carve out tapered surfaces, while chamfer end mills make quick work of creating beveled or chamfered cutouts.

The end mill's penetration into the material is known as the depth of cut (DOC). This depth is constrained by the axial depth of cut (ADOC) which is its travel downward, as well as the radial depth of cut (RDOC) which denotes its advancement in a horizontal direction.

The depth of cut is an important part of successful machining, as it dictates how much material can be efficiently removed in one go. If pushed too far, however, the deeper depth of cut can result in poor end milling and an unsatisfactory finish. End mills are often required for parts with intricate shapes as they are adept at handling the complex geometries involved. A good understanding of appropriate depth of cut is integral in delivering a high-quality product.

This chart can help you figure out what level of cut is needed in various materials, depending on the size of their end mill.

The Width & Length of an End Mill Cut
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