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- respond to stimuli
- reproduce
- grow and develop
dichotomous key tool that helps identify objects
toaxnomic levels kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
scientific name Genus species
kingdom broadest taxonomic level
species most specific taxonomic level including organisms that are similar and ban breed to produce fertile offspring
phloem Vascular tissue that carries the food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
dicot flowers with multiples of 4 or 5 petals, have a taproot, wide leaves with branching veins, and a circular vascular tissue pattern
monocot vascular, seed producing, flowering, long slender leaves with parallel veins, flowers with multiples of 3 petals
flowering plants vascular, produce seeds in flowers
xylem vascular tissue that carries water from the roots to the rest of the plant
fibrous roots roots with many branches.
leaves main food producing part of the plant
ovule part of the plant that develops into a seed
plant defenses thorns, poisons, and thigmatropism
embryo the young plant inside of a seed that develops from a fertilized egg
germination when a seed coat breaks open and the embryonic roots, stems, and leaves begin to grow
fertilization joining of a sperm and egg cells that takes place inside the plant's ovary.
stamen male reproductive structure of a flower made up of the filament (stalk), and the anther
pistil female reproductive structure of a flower made up of the stigma, style, and ovary
pollination the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma.
seed produced as a result of sexual reproduction in flowering plants
asexual reproduction process of growing new plants from plant parts rather than seeds
offspring from sexual reproduction unique, but similar to the parent plant
transpiration process by which water is released from plants
chlorophyll green pigment that allows plants to capture light energy from the sun
respiration process that combines food and oxygen to release energy from the food and give off carbon dioxide
photosynthesis process by which plants capture and use light energy to combine carbon dioxide and water producing glucose and oxygen
thigmatropism tropism that is often used by plants as a defense
gravitropism plant growth or movement in response to the pull of gravity
hydrotropism plant growth or movement in response to water
phototropism plant growth or movement in response to light
tropism plant movement or growth in response to a stimulus
dormancy plant inactivity or slowed growth in response to unfavorable growth conditions stimuli
fungi a kingdom of organisms that do not make their own food
grain mold, corn smut, and wheat rust examples of fungi, which are harmful to plants
vascular plants that have a well developed system of tubes that transport water and food
nonvascular plants that do not have a well developed system of tubes that transport water and food
autotroph organism that can make their own food
heterotroph organism that cannot make their own food
cone bearing (conifer) evergreen trees that produce seeds in cones
stem provides support and transports nutrients
roots anchor plants, and absorb water and nutrients
sepal protect flower bud and supports flower
guard cell control how open or close the stomata are
stomata openings in the under side of leaves for water vapor to carbon dioxide to exit the plant
seed coat protective covering of a seed
herbaceous stem soft / green / flexible stem.
taproot large, main root.
woody stem hard / rigid stem
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