Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The progression of robotics will largely depend upon related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the principle trends in the market for the next five-years.

People tend to overestimate the impact in the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact in the long run.

But this doesn't negate the truth that the expert community, their state and business have to have a roadmap for the continuing development of innovative industries in the foreseeable future.

The authors in the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends in this region as well as in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5 years will have the best impact on the development of robotics in the world.

1. New materials

Even if we take into account the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are about 3.5 thousand people per robot, and this ratio isn't likely growing without radical alterations in the science of materials from where robotics is produced, the authors with the re view are sure. They pay special care about two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), that may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from where it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and much more.

2. New reasons for energy, technologies because of its collection and storage

Considering the volume of heat generated with the combustion of gasoline and also the human dependence on energy, you can easily calculate when individuals were eating gasoline, they would just have 150 g of fuel per day. In turn, electric motors are now even less power efficient than an inside combustion engine. In order for robots so that you can take on humans within their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.

For example, this is actually the improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries based on hydrogen, and the like. Also, we've got to remember about alternative, alternative energy. Finally, a technology can be carried out recharge the robot remotely, as an example, from energy sources included in the bottom or walls.

3. Interaction of teams of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans sufficient reason for each other.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what they may be doing and where they may be moving not merely under normal human conditions, but additionally where people simply cannot make it happen: by way of example, in high altitude or around the seabed.

In addition, situations is not excluded in the event the robot will continue to be completely without communication (as an example, underground or even in the wedding of your satellite breakdown). In this case, it is important to produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad along with Russia.

5. Machine learning

The continuing development of artificial intelligence is essential to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development of this type:

enhancing the efficiency utilizing neural networks start by making their architecture more complicated or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures as opposed to hard programming, which will simplify and, therefore, accelerate the operation of acquiring skills with the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is about increasing productivity. That is, automation is not a conclusion by itself, but a tool to improve economic efficiency. The authors of the review tend to feel that the most effective result will be shown not by replacing individuals with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:

a robot as a power tool that repeats human capabilities (for example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as something that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that is certainly, a machine remotely controlled by way of a an affiliate hard-to-reach places;

social interaction using a person, like voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors of the Sberbank report think that in the next five years we're unlikely to determine a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), though the progression of software will increase the capabilities reducing the costs of manipulation technology.

First coming from all, were discussing increasing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a thing, could have to inform the operator in more detail about its weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies is likely to make it possible to program more advanced trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One of the definitions of the notion of "robot", that this analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a device that is in a position to perceive the globe around it by using sensors, process the signals received in this manner and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and improving the capabilities of sensorics is one with the key trends inside the progression of robotics inside long term.

9. Robosimulators

Large levels of data are essential to practice robots. To receive them, it just isn't necessary to create a model of an robot - it sometimes may be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for a person. Therefore, the quantity of coming of computer simulators of the robot will only increase with all the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of making drive mechanisms are unlikely to alter, but even here the authors of the review find a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside the first paragraph, these could be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this really is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the product design process.

At the fabrication stage, the progress of robotics will likely be stimulated by the emergence of the latest materials, their decline in price, as well as the development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that may make it easier and faster to make new machines.
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