Notes

Adaptation is the process by which organisms change over time to better fit their environment and survive. Adaptation can happen in different ways, depending on how the changes affect the organism's body, behavior, or internal processes. There are three main types of adaptation: structural, physiological, and behavioral.

Structural adaptations are changes in the physical features of an organism that help it to survive or reproduce. For example, some animals have camouflage that helps them blend in with their surroundings and avoid predators. Other animals have sharp teeth, claws, or horns that help them catch prey or defend themselves. Some plants have thorns, spines, or toxins that deter herbivores from eating them.

Physiological adaptations are changes in the way an organism's body works that help it to survive or reproduce. For example, some animals can regulate their body temperature, heart rate, or metabolism to cope with different environmental conditions. Other animals have special enzymes, hormones, or antibodies that help them digest certain foods, fight diseases, or respond to stress. Some plants can perform photosynthesis faster or slower depending on the amount of light, water, or carbon dioxide available.

Behavioral adaptations are changes in the way an organism acts or behaves that help it to survive or reproduce. For example, some animals migrate, hibernate, or estivate to avoid harsh weather or find food. Other animals communicate, cooperate, or compete with each other for resources, mates, or territory. Some plants release pollen or seeds at specific times or attract pollinators with colors or scents