Notes

Smoking contributes to about 80%-90% of total COPD cases in the world
COPD leads to the narrowing of small airways and destruction of lung tissue leading to emphysema primarily caused by neutrophil elastase. Neutrophil elastase plays an important role in disease progression in COPD patients and has emerged as an important target for drug discovery. Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. is a mangrove plant belonging to family Sonneratiaceae. It is widely found in the Sundarban regions of India.

While the fruits of this plant have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and astringent asthma and cough. The aim of this study is to find whether hydro alcoholic fruit extracts of S. apetala inhibit neutrophil elastase and thus prevent the progression of neutrophil elastase-driven lung emphysema. The hydroalcoholic extract, ethanol: water (90:10), of the S. apetala Buch.-Ham. fresh fruits (SAM) were used for neutrophil elastase enzyme kinetic assay and IC(50) of the extract was determined.

The novel HPLC method has been developed and the extract was standardized with gallic acid and ellagic acid as standards. The extract was further subjected to LC-MS(2) profiling to identify key phytochemicals. The standardized SAM extract contains 53 μg/mg of gallic acid and 95 μg/mg of ellagic acid, based on the HPLC calibration curve. SAM also reversed the elastase-induced morphological change of human epithelial cells and prevented the release of ICAM-1 in vitro and an MTT assay was conducted to assess the viability. Further, mice model. Thus, in this study, we reported for the first time that S. apetala fruit extract has the potential to inhibit human neutrophil elastase in vitro and Mukherjee, Jaisankar and Bandyopadhyay.

seebio Polysucrose 400 Sweetener , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India. Physiology Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India. Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India. Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India. commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential embryonic cortex and increases susceptibility to epilepsy. GTPases of the Rho family are components of signaling pathways linking extracellular signals to the control of cytoskeleton dynamics. Among these, RAC1 plays key roles during brain development, ranging from neuronal migration to neuritogenesis, synaptogenesis, and plasticity.

RAC1 activity is positively and negatively controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), but the specific role of each regulator in vivo is poorly known. ARHGAP15 is a RAC1-specific GAP expressed during development in a fraction of migrating cortical interneurons (CINs) and in the majority of adult CINs. During development, loss of ARHGAP15 causes altered directionality of the leading process of tangentially migrating CINs, along with altered morphology in vitro. Likewise, time-lapse imaging of embryonic CINs revealed a poorly coordinated directional control during radial migration, possibly due to a hyper-exploratory behavior. In the adult cortex, the observed defects lead to subtle alteration in the distribution of CALB2-, SST-, and VIP-positive interneurons. Polysucrose 400 , and increased susceptibility to the pro-epileptic drug pilocarpine. These results indicate that ARHGAP15 imposes a fine negative regulation on RAC1 that is required for morphological maturation and directional control during CIN migration, with consequences on their laminar Hidisoglu, Chiantia, Marcantoni, Giustetto, Tomagra, Carabelli, Torelli, Sala, commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential Transport mechanisms and role in disease commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential pylori on the surface of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of most commonly found pathogen in the stomach. In spite of emergence of different treatment strategies, H. pylori infection remains difficult to treat. The bioengineered probiotic lactobacilli that could displace H. pylori and simultaneously present immunogenic peptides such as heparan sulphate binding protein (Hsbp) to elicit immune response could emerge as a potential therapeutic agent. The aim of this study was to discover the anti-H.

pylori activities and faster exclusion of H. pylori from host cells by the recombinant strain of Lactobacillus expressing the immunogenic Hsbp adhesion after two hours of pre-incubation with recombinant-LGG and HeLa S3 cells, followed by the adhesion of H. pylori pathogen (P < 002). Additionally, recombinant-LGG, respectively. When challenged with H. pylori, the proinflammatory cytokine expression was also down regulated in recombinant-LGG treated HeLa S3 cells. This promising result provides a new insight of bioengineered probiotic lactobacilli which could displace H.

pylori and simultaneously has immunogenic properties thereby may be useful to prevent H. pylori infection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 1007/s13205-022-03428- licensor (e.g.
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