Notes

Family Dynamics:

The Filipino family is well-known for its heavy focus on familism, with family connections and relationships playing an important part in molding society. Filipino families are distinguished by their emphasis on being family-centered, child-centric, and having tight relationships. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the correlates of Filipinos' perspectives on family values, namely the conventional nuclear family arrangement, the responsibilities of women within the family, and the reciprocal connection between parents and children. It aims to discover any disparities in these values based on characteristics such as education level, geographic region, socioeconomic status, and ethnic groupings. Understanding these discrepancies can shed insight on altering family norms and contribute to key policy considerations such as reproductive health, divorce, and migration (Hannah, 2013).

Morillo, H. M., Capuno, J. J., & Mendoza, A. M. (2013b). Views and Values on Family among Filipinos: An Empirical Exploration. Asian Journal of Social Science, 41(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341278

The Philippines is a nation where family is viewed as the foundation of public activity. The family unit, which comprises of guardians and their posterity, is the essential nuclear family, but Filipino family connections reach out past direct family members. Aunties, uncles, and cousins have a significant impact in Filipinos' lives, and their associations regularly mirror the closeness of associations with guardians. Obedient devotion is exceptionally esteemed in Filipino culture. It is viewed as basic to keeping the family's aggregate face and forestalling sensations of hiya or disgrace. Numerous Filipinos feel that every relative is liable for specific commitments and obligations. Finishing these commitments and obligations is basic to showing admiration to other people and guaranteeing concordance inside the family.

Filipino culture - family. (2017). Cultural Atlas. https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/filipino-culture/filipino-culture-family?fbclid=IwAR36_sLcRclDVcOQRRtq1xDXUx9_HPaEwlKDsUXEH-o-WiT0OvUuMUUd2TM

LGBTQ+ Couples:

When we think of a family, we immediately think of a mother, a father, and a child. But, in this day and age, a family can be diverse, as being a parent is not limited to a mother and a father. We can now have two mothers or two fathers and it's because love comes in all forms. Homosexual couples are known as part of the LGBTQ+ community and their relationships are very diverse, and experiences can vary widely. Research on LGBTQ+ relationships is still limited, but it continues to grow. Emperical research have found that the psychological and social aspects of committed relationships between same-sex partners largely resemble those of heterosexual partnerships. (American Psychological Association, n.d.).

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Resolution on Marriage Equality for Same-Sex Couples. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/about/policy/same-sex

Utang na loob:

Being a Filipino has distinct values and traits and one of these traits includes the concept of 'utang na loob.' Utang na loob is a Filipino value where one helps someone to express gratitude and return the favor for the help they have given. Utang na loob implies appreciation of the children to their parents, for example, giving back through monetary and non-monetary help, positive and negative experiences in giving back, education and career choices being affected, and focusing on family's necessities before family arrangement, feature the various components of utang na loob and the difficulties faced by firstborns in satisfying this value. The work inversion experienced by firstborns, who were previously receivers and are now benefactors, demonstrates the unique concept of utang na loob and its influence on family dynamics (Bianca et al, n.d.).

The Experiences of Firstborns on Pagtanaw ng Utang na Loob Toward Family. (n.d.). https://rdc.ubaguio.edu/the-experiences-of-firstborns-on-pagtanaw-ng-utang-na-loob-toward-family/?fbclid=IwAR1Tb3wgCpRNo5wSY6jGL-xsJtYZTF06TQwg1uMZUMGEDDPb9kOxgrQb5zs

Childlessness:

Speaking of family dynamics in the old times, every parent wishes to have a complete family, but due to drastic changes over time, a complete family does not always imply having a child. Having said that, there are couples who choose to be childless and still be happy. They do not consider childlessness to be a flaw from what they consider a complete family. Childlessness is the state of not rearing a child. A few factors impacted a couple's decision not to have a baby (Eunice et al, 2023). The factors incorporated their perspectives about family and child, as well as social conclusions. Afterall, the couple's personal experiences, prior trauma, future objectives, and financial and wellbeing contemplations generally had an impact in their decision. This shows that while choosing whether or not to have a baby, couples ought to look at the benefits to their current status and individual prosperity. In spite of their various childhoods and valuable encounters, these couples had normal perspectives on family and youngsters. This implies that regardless of whether a couple have kids, they can still be viewed a family for however long they are blissful and given to their relationship.

Life Without A Child: a phenomenological study of adult couples in Quezon City. (n.d.). Scribd. https://www.scribd.com/document/659157628/Life-Without-a-Child-A-Phenomenological-Study-of-Adult-Couples-in-Quezon-City?fbclid=IwAR3rdZni38N3ghdV9NfiHAsdiekTSpeVPE_wThNhNzW-wvnZfSEm5ygcSjI

Simply stated, it denotes the absence of children. It is generally recogized, however, that there are several different
types of childlessness. Most basic, perhaps, is the distinction between childlessness that is voluntary and childlessness that is involuntary. This distinction is based on motivation and questions whether the people who prefer no children are the same as those who cannot have them even though they want them. The majority of childless couples with fecundity impairments (63.5% or about 848,000) would like to have a baby but have diminished ability to do so because of certain medical, physical, or behavioral conditions (National Center for Health Statistics, 1980). The inability to be self-determining in a sphere where most people have been socialized to think they are self-determining is a factor with potentially negative consequences for the individuals involved. Because it's not clear how and to what extent the voluntarily childless dIffer from the involuntarily childless, researchers would do well to consider these two groups as separate entities for the purpose of analysis.

Voluntary Childlessness. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-7151-3_14?fbclid=IwAR3Pzmow95AQT-rbT3_TBvqIfI2PyQys8EyqJ-7_5Oqb1qS2jAm8E-fNPok