Notes

Cellular structure of DNA that carries a portion or the entire cell's genome. Gene: segment of DNA that encodes for an RNA or protein. Genetic maps illustrate the genes found on a DNA molecule. A cells genotype is all the cells' possible characteristics (structures and functions) based on the cell's entire gene collection. A cell's phenotype is the cell's observable characteristics at a given moment in the time, in response to environment, based on the subset of genes the cell is expressing. DNA nucleotides building blocks of DNA 4 types of Nucleic structure back bone deoxyribose sugar phosphate nitrogenous base 4 different. double stranded helix two strands of nucleotide base pair to one another and twist into a helix. Antiparallel DNA strands have opposite orientations nucleotides of one strand are orientate Base pairing rules dictate that the antiparallel strands of nucleotides have complementary sequences. During binary fission, the chromosome is replicated. 1 parent chromosome is copied to produce 2 daughter chromosomes. DNA replication conserves the sequence of DNA nucleotides thus conserving its info. Origin: start site for DNA replication. At the origin, the chromosome is gradually pulled apart creating two replication forks.