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Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that targets the organ's linings. It most commonly occurs in the lung (pleura), but can also affect the abdominal membrane (peritoneum).
Exposure to asbestos increases the chance of developing peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma. The risk continues to increase even after exposure has ended.
Signs and symptoms
Asbestos is a fire- and fire-resistant mineral fiber that was utilized in a myriad of industrial and commercial construction materials up to the late 1970s. If the material is disturbed tiny asbestos fibers can be inhaled or swallowed, which can cause cancerous tumors to develop in the mesothelium lining of the organs of the human body.
There are four types of mesothelioma, with the pleural mesothelioma being one of the most frequent. This type of disease is caused by asbestos fibers that adhere to the lungs, chest cavity (pleura) or the stomach lining (peritoneum). When inhaled the toxins cause damage to healthy tissue for a long time. The damaged cells eventually become cancerous and grow out of control. The cancerous cells may also be spread to other areas of the body. This is known as metastasis.
Cancer develops when the DNA of a cell undergoes changes. Mesothelioma is no different, and mesothelioma develops when healthy cells receive incorrect genetic information, which causes them to grow in uncontrolled ways.
The primary risk factor for mesothelioma is the exposure to asbestos, which typically happens in the workplace. People who worked in industries where asbestos was used -- including asbestos contractors, coal miners and shipbuilding employees -- have a high chance of developing the disease. Asbestos can also cling to the clothing of a person and tools after leaving the work site and put their family members at risk of being exposed.
The symptoms of mesothelioma can differ based on the kind and the location. However, they all share some common features. They include a constant, dry cough, shortness in breath, chest or abdominal pain, and the accumulation of fluid.
Asbestos patients can be diagnosed through a combination test like a blood test and an MRI/CT scan. A lung function test could be used to determine if there are any abnormalities. An X-ray could reveal thickening in the lungs or in the chest cavity.
After the initial exposure to asbestos, it could take anywhere between 30 and 50 years for mesothelioma to develop. Because of this lengthy latency period the disease is often mistakenly diagnosed as an infection or another health issue that is not as severe. This can cause delays in treatment that could be fatal.
Diagnosis
The first step to finding out if you have a diagnosis is for your doctor to conduct a medical examination and perform a physical exam. This will allow them to determine whether any of the symptoms you're experiencing could be mesothelioma. They may also suggest lab tests to determine how asbestos mesothelioma can affect your body.
Asbestos-mesothelioma typically develops in the pleura, the lining of the lung. It may also develop in the lining around the heart (pericardium). It is less frequent to develop mesothelioma inside the stomach lining known as the peritoneum.
In most cases of mesothelioma, asbestos exposure is at the root of the problem. These microscopic fibers were used in many blue collar jobs including shipbuilding, construction, and military work. They can float in the air, and when inhaled or consumed, they can cause lung damage over the course of time. This can cause lung cancer as well as other diseases, such as mesothelioma.
A biopsy is the best method to detect mesothelioma. This involves taking a small portion of the affected tissue and sending it to a lab for testing. However, mesothelioma tumors often appear like other kinds of cancer and can be difficult to recognize. A mesothelioma expert will be able offer the most precise diagnosis.
An X-ray is a different test that can aid in diagnosing mesothelioma. These tests create images of the insides of the body that show how your lungs function. They can also identify other problems such as the accumulation of fluid (pleural effusion), or a mass on the chest wall.
Your doctor could recommend the use of a CT scan, or an MRI. These tests use radio waves and a massive magnet to produce detailed images of soft tissues such as those found in the abdomen or lungs. A CT scan can also reveal the extent of the mesothelioma that is found in the lungs or other parts of the body.
Your doctor may also suggest the PET scan. The test makes use of a small amount radioactive substance to take images of your body to determine how the cells use oxygen. Cancerous cells will appear brighter on these pictures than normal tissue, making them easier to detect.
Treatment
The mesothelioma cancer can affect mesothelium, or the lining of the organs and tissues of the body. It is typically caused by exposure to asbestos. The disease may also spread to other areas through the lymphatic or blood system. The symptoms of the disease can differ depending on the location and how advanced the mesothelioma is.
It can take as long as 50 years for the signs of mesothelioma, or mesothelioma, asbestos exposure. They could also not be evident until later in life. It is often difficult for doctors to diagnose the disease because many of the symptoms are similar to those of other illnesses. Doctors will require an X-ray or CT scan to determine the severity of the patient's mesothelioma. A biopsy will be required to confirm the diagnosis of mesothelioma.
There are three kinds of malignant mesothelioma. The most common type, pleural, occurs in the lung linings or the chest wall. The second most common mesothelioma of the peritoneal region, is found in the abdomen's lining. The third, less common, form of mesothelioma occurs in the lining around the testicles, called the tunica vaginalis.
It is not known exactly what causes mesothelioma but it is believed that asbestos fibers are the main cause. mesothelioma caused by asbestos can enter even the smallest of airways and cause irritation to the lining of the lung. This irritation can lead to the development of abnormal cells, which eventually become mesothelioma.
Certain people are at a greater risk than others of developing mesothelioma. Individuals who have worked in areas where there was significant exposure to asbestos are more likely to develop the disease than those who did not work with the substance. This includes the construction, shipbuilding manufacturing, asbestos removal and veterans industries. Environmental asbestos, which is found in rocks or soil can also cause mesothelioma. There is no established safe level of exposure to asbestos but short or indirect exposures are less likely to result in mesothelioma than long-term, high levels of exposure.
Those diagnosed with mesothelioma should inform their doctor about any past exposure to asbestos. An asbestos-related history could increase the odds of getting a correct diagnosis.
Prognosis
The prognosis of mesothelioma is dependent on a variety of factors, such as the kind of cancer and the stage of the disease. Doctors can treat mesothelioma more quickly if it is discovered in the earliest stages and before the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer that affects the organ linings in the abdomen and chest. People exposed to asbestos in the past are at risk of developing this asbestos-related illness. The symptoms typically do not manifest until decades after exposure. Asbestos exposure can lead to mesothelioma in the peritoneal linings in the stomach and pleural linings of the lung or pericardial linings that surround the heart.
Asbestos has been proven to cause cancer in certain types. Workers in certain industries may be exposed. Asbestos is a class of minerals that are made up of thin, microscopic fibers. It was extensively used in the construction industry, but also in shipbuilding, auto repair and other industrial tasks. These tiny fibers escaped into the air when mined and subsequently processed. When inhaled, they cause irritation, scarring and damage.
These fibers can settle in the body and result in abnormal growths that can cause mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is classified according to the type of cell and the aggressiveness.
Following exposure to asbestos mesothelioma could develop between 15 and 50 years later. This is because the mesothelium acts as a protective cover that can take time to respond to asbestos. People who have worked in high-risk fields like construction, shipbuilding and auto repair are more likely to develop mesothelioma.
Health insurance allows people to receive more life-extending treatments for mesothelioma. They have a better chance of survival than those without insurance. Other factors that can improve a mesothelioma patient's prognosis are general health, smoking status and gender. The Free Mesothelioma Guide provides more information about these and other patient-specific factors.
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