Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The continuing development of robotics will largely depend on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer products. Analysts have identified the primary trends on the market for one more five-years.

People often overestimate the impact in the latest technology sooner and underestimate its impact in the long run.

But this doesn't negate the fact that the expert community, the state and business have to have a roadmap for the development of innovative industries sometime soon.

The authors of the annual survey of the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the basic trends in this region plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5yrs may have the greatest impact on the development of robotics on the globe.

1. New materials

Even as we evaluate the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, which ratio isn't likely to develop without radical modifications in the science of materials from which robotics is produced, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special focus on two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it is possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New causes of energy, technologies for its collection and storage

Considering the volume of heat generated from the combustion of gasoline as well as the human need for energy, you can easily calculate that if everyone was eating gasoline, they will merely have 150 g of fuel every day. In turn, electric motors are even less power efficient than an inside combustion engine. In order for robots to be able to compete with humans of their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.

For example, this is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries determined by hydrogen, and the like. Also, we've got to keep in mind about alternative, alternative energy sources. Finally, a technology can be implemented to recharge the robot remotely, as an example, from powers included in the floor or walls.

3. Interaction of groups of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans along with the other.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what these are doing and where these are moving not merely under normal human conditions, but also where people cannot arrive: for instance, in high altitude climates or for the seabed.

In mecabot x , situations is not excluded when the robot will stay completely without communication (for example, underground or perhaps case of a satellite breakdown). In this case, it is important to develop a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.

5. Machine learning

The growth and development of artificial intelligence is essential to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this area:

increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks by looking into making their architecture more advanced or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures instead of hard programming, that may simplify and, therefore, accelerate the process of acquiring skills with the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots thanks to artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is around increasing productivity. That is, automation is not an end itself, but something to improve economic efficiency. The authors of the review are more likely to think that the most effective result will likely be shown not by replacing people with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will build up in four main areas:

a robot as something that repeats human capabilities (by way of example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as something that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that is, a machine remotely controlled by way of a part of hard-to-reach places;

social interaction which has a person, for example voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors of the Sberbank report think that over the following five-years we are unlikely to find out a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), but the growth and development of software will increase the capabilities and reduce the costs of manipulation technology.

First of most, were referring to helping the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a thing, can have to inform the operator at length about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies can make it possible to program more advanced trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One from the definitions from the idea of "robot", which the analysts of Sberbank abide by, says that it is a machine which is in a position to perceive the entire world around it by using sensors, process the signals received like this and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one from the key trends inside continuing development of robotics inside the coming years.

9. Robosimulators

Large numbers of data are needed to practice robots. To receive them, it just isn't necessary to construct a model of a robot - sometimes it may be economically unprofitable, frequently even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the quantity of creation of computer simulators of the robot will simply increase with all the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of making drive mechanisms are unlikely to improve, but even here the authors in the review discover a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside the first paragraph, these could be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.

At the development stage, the progress of robotics will likely be stimulated with the emergence of recent materials, their reduction in price, as well as the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, which will make it easier and faster to produce new machines.
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