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The States of Matter are the physical forms of a substance
The States of Matter depend on the motion of particles.
Matter is made up of very tiny particles called atoms.
When atoms combine they create molecules.
Atoms and molecules are in constant motion and are always bumping into each other.
The motion of particles is different for each state of matter.
The way particles interact with each other also helps determine the state of matter
Solids: these particles have a strong attraction between them. The particles are closely locked in position and can only vibrate. Solids have a definite shape definite volume.
Liquids: these particles are more loosely connected than those of a solid and can collide with and move past one another. No definite shape but they have a definite volume because they can be measured.
Gas: these particles move fast enough so that they overcome the attractions between them. The particles move independently and collide frequently. No definite shape and no definite volume.
Plasma: these particle like a gas do not have a definite shape or volume. However unlike gases the particles have broken apart and plasmas conduct electric current.
A change of state is the change of a substance from on physical form to another.
All changes of state are physical because they can change back!
The particles of a substance move differently depending on the state of the substance.
Melting happens when you add energy to a solid substance.
Freezing happens when energy is removed from a liquid and particles lock in place. It is the reverse process of melting.
Questions:
Notes:
Boiling: is the change of a liquid to a vapor or gas throughout the liquid. The temperature at which this change happens.
Evaporation: is the change of state from a liquid to a gas. Evaporation can happen at the surface of a liquid. It is the reverse process of condenstation.
Atomospheric pressure effects boiling. Thing have a lower boiling point when the pressure is lower and hight boling point when the pressure is higher.
Condensation: is the change of state from a gas to a liquid. It is the reverse process of evaporation.
Sublimation: is the change of state in which a solid changes directly to a gas. Example: dry ice.
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