Notes

Sci-2 paper
1. What is bio geo chemical cycle
A biogeochemical cycle, or more generally a cycle of matter, is the movement and transformation of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust. Major biogeochemical cycles include the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle.

2. Diffrences between bryophyta, pteridopyta and thallophyta
Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta are the three phyla of cryptogams, which is a subkingdom of Plantae. The cryptogams are seedless plants or plant-like organisms that do not produce flowers and fruits.

Q.2
1.Energy flow through an eco-system is one way
.1.In an ecosystem, the flow of energy is said to be one way because it passes on from one organism to another in a food chain but never comes back.
.2.Plants directly use energy from the sun to make food via the process of photosynthesis.
.3.Plants are the very first organism to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds. That’s why they are called producers.
Q.3
1.Phanerogams
Phanerogams are seed-producing plants, and they are the most advanced plant group of the plant kingdom.=
.1.Angiosperms
They are found in all types of habits and habitats. They are practically adapted to various environmental conditions, like high mountains, desert, water, land, etc.
They are found in various forms, like herb, shrub, tree, creeper, twinner, climber, epiphyte, etc.
.2.Gymnosperms
They have restricted distribution in the colder regions of the world.
Tall, woody, perennial trees mainly represent them. Few forms are woody climbers. Herbs are absent.
Q.4
1.Distinguish between -
Monocoytledonous plants and Dicoytledonous Plants.
.1.Monocoytledonous:-
1. The monocotyledonous embryos have a single cotyledon.
2.They have a fibrous root system.
3.Leaves in monocots have parallel venation.
.2.Dicoytledonous:-
1.The dicotyledonous embryos have a pair of cotyledons.
2.They have a tap root system.
3.Leaves in dicots have reticulate or net venation.

2.Write balanced equation for main processes in carbon cycle.
6 CO2+12 H2O SUNLIGHT,CHLOROPHYL--> C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 ^
C6G12O6 +6 O2 MITOCHONDRIA---> 6 CO2^ +6 H20 + ENERGY .