Notes

Information It's Important To Be Aware Of Fertilizing Plants





Plants need nutrients

Like us, plants need nutrients in varying amounts for healthy growth. You will find 17 necessary nutrient elements that most plants need, including carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which plants receive from water and air. The rest of the 14 are from soil but might need to be supplemented with fertilizers or organic materials for example compost.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are expected in larger amounts than other nutrients; these are considered primary macronutrients.


Secondary macronutrients include sulfur, calcium, and magnesium.

Micronutrients including iron and copper are essential in much smaller amounts.

Nutrient availability in soils
Nutrient availability in soils is a purpose of several factors including soil texture (loam, loamy sand, silt loam), organic matter content and pH.

Texture
Clay particles and organic matter in soils are chemically reactive and will hold and slowly release nutrient ions which you can use by plants.

Soils that are finer-textured (more clay) and higher in organic matter (5-10%) have greater nutrient-holding ability than sandy soils with little if any clay or organic matter. Sandy soils in Minnesota are also more prone to nutrient losses through leaching, as water carries nutrients like nitrogen, potassium or sulfur below the root zone where plants still can't access them.

pH
Soil pH may be the a higher level alkalinity or acidity of soils. When pH is the wrong size or too much, chemical reactions can modify the nutrient availability and biological activity in soils. Most vegetables and fruit grow best when soil pH is slightly acidic to neutral, or between 5.5 and seven.0.

There are several exceptions; blueberries, for instance, demand a low pH (4.2-5.2). Soil pH might be modified using materials like lime (ground limestone) to improve pH or elemental sulfur in order to reduce pH.

Nutrient availability
Generally speaking, most Minnesota soils plenty of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and micronutrients to guide healthy plant growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium would be the nutrients most likely to be deficient and really should be supplemented with fertilizers for optimum plant growth.

The best method for assessing nutrient availability in your garden is always to perform a soil test. A simple soil test in the University of Minnesota’s Soil Testing Laboratory will offer a soil texture estimate, organic matter content (accustomed to estimate nitrogen availability), phosphorus, potassium, pH and lime requirement.

Your analysis will likely feature a basic interpretation of results and provide ideas for fertilizing.

Choosing fertilizers
There are many selections for fertilizers and quite often the options might appear overwhelming. What is important to remember is the fact that plants use up nutrients as ions, and the method to obtain those ions isn't a aspect in plant nutrition.

For example, plants get nitrogen via NO3- (nitrate) or NH4+ (ammonium), the ones ions comes from either organic or synthetic sources along with various formulations (liquid, granular, pellets or compost).

The fertilizer you choose should be based primarily on soil test results and plant needs, both in terms of nutrients and speed of delivery.

Other factors to think about include soil and environmental health as well as your budget.

Common nutrient issues in vegetables
Diagnosing nutrient deficiencies or excesses in vegatables and fruits is challenging. Many nutrient issues look alike, often multiple nutrient is involved, and the factors behind them may be highly variable.

For example of items you may even see inside the garden.

Plants lacking nitrogen can have yellowing on older, lower leaves; a lot of nitrogen could cause excessive leafy growth and delayed fruiting.
Plants lacking phosphorus may show stunted growth or a reddish-purple tint in leaf tissue.
A potassium deficiency might cause browning of leaf tissue over the leaf edges, applying lower, older leaves.
A calcium deficiency usually leads to “tip burn” on younger leaves or blossom end rot in tomatoes or zucchini. However, calcium deficiencies will often be not really a result of low calcium from the soil, but you are due to uneven watering, excessive soil moisture, or damage to roots.
Lack of sulfur on sandy soils might cause stunted, spindly growth and yellowing leaves; potatoes, onions, corn and plants within the cabbage family are generally most sensitive.
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