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Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector evaluation<br>
Sweden is among the world's biggest wood pellet fuel manufacturer as well as customer. It's wood pellet production technology, market plan, as well as market design project. In this passage, I will certainly do detailed analysis on Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry, and also exercise some beneficial experiences.



Introduction

In the 1970s, numerous nations have made plans to promote biomass power as a way to deal with power crisis and environment pollution. Ever since, biomass power sector has actually created quickly, as well as the innovation keep enhancing.



Due to the lack of mineral resources, Sweden's economic climate endured terrific loss in last century. To guarantee national energy safety and security, Sweden government aim to establish renewable energy.



Biomass pellet fuel has the features of high burning performance, low ash content, absolutely no carbon discharge, very easy transportation, which has actually been preferred in Europe and The United States And Canada. With bountiful forestry resources, Sweden pay much interest to the growth of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden takes up 20% of the globe's biomass fuel consumption, which matures at the speed of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry sources and also biomass products

Sweden has abundant forestry resources. The woodland covers 64% of the acreage, with 51% possessed by people, 24% by large wood companies, and 25% by nations and also various other public companies. Besides, the forestry grows by 100 million bunches annually, and the logging quantity is 92.4 million tons. The significant forestry sectors are wood processing, paper processing, and also energy wood. The wood products for making biomass power mainly originated from the 3 sectors above, concerning 23.48 m3.



Basic material of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings take up 53%, sawdust 35%, and wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture deposits, power forestry) takes up 7%. Some little wood pellet manufacturing facility are developed base upon chipboard, furnishings as well as sawdust mills.



With even more companies engaging in biomass fuel manufacturing, the competitors on the raw materials come to be extra strong. As the plant straws in Sweden are in scattered circulation, they are tough to collect and refine. So floating fish feed pellet machine and also institutes are developing new materials like peat as well as energy plants.



Wood pellet manufacturing innovation and tools

The pellet molding technology has actually grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has accomplished industrial and also market manufacturing. The production procedure includes high automation, needing less drivers. The picture listed below showed the wood pellet production process.



Drying: typically, the dampness material of sawdust is around 50%. A drum dryer can decrease the dampness content to 9-12% to make sure that it is gotten making pellets.

Crushing: the size of raw materials must be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the dimension.

Conditioning: include high-heat steam to the raw products and also soften the cellulous in it. More than half of the pellet fuel producers have conditioning process in production.

Pellet molding: many wood pellet factories make use of vertical kind ring pass away pellet maker. The production capability of one equipment is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.


Air conditioning: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet device are at the temperature level of 100 ℃. Pellets under this problem are easy to break as well as bothersome for transportation. A counter-flow colder can cool down the wood pellets in a modest means.

Packing: the cooled pellets need to be classified as well as packaged according to clients' requirement. Little bags are 16kg, large bags are 900kg. For large customers like power plant, the wood pellets are moved by trucks as well as ships in bulks.

Biomass pellets category and application

In 1999, Sweden government released the criterion of wood pellet fuel, in which they are categorized right into 3 classes. The excellent has premium quality. They can be used in domestic little heaters as well as stoves.The 2nd and third do not have excellent quality. They are utilized by large industrial consumers.



Currently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can meet this criterion. Some of them can satisfy the EU criterion, others are not produced according to this standard.



Wood pellet fuel can be used in little boilers, medium-scale and large heating supply center as well as nuclear power plant. Currently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for small as well as moderate heating boilers and also local home heating supply facility, and 40% for huge home heating supply center as well as co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant adopt coal to replace oil. After the enact of CO2 emission tax, these home heating plant turn to biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the quantity of biomass fuel for heating expands from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Currently, regarding 400 local home heating plant has actually embraced wood pellet fuel.



Because the mid 1990s, residential wood pellet sector has made wonderful progression. In the last decades, the use of domestic home heating wood pellets proliferates. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 households using wood pellet boilers, 40,000 families using wood pellet ranges.



Sweden biomass power advancement objective and also plan

To advertise the continual development of biomass energy, Sweden has made a collection of legislations and also policies. To guarantee the carry out of these policies, the federal government also made many practical supervision procedures and also obligatory market standard.



Sweden not only satisfy the responsibility stipulated Kyoto Protocol that cut greenhouse emission by 8%, however also set its very own development goal of biomass energy. In 2006, the Priest for sustainable advancement department declared that Sweden will totally use biofuels and also quit utilizing oil, as well as come to be the initial nation that totally depend on renewable energy.



By 2020, Sweden will increase its proportion of renewable energy to 50%, the use ratio of renewable energy in transport industry to 10%, energy performance by 20%, and reduced the exhaust of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel reward plan

Sweden has actually performed high rate purchase, investment subsidies, tax obligation reduction and also exception, quota system as well as various other biomass power incentive policy.



Since 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from government budget to support biomass technology growth. From 1997 to 2002, the government supplied 25% financial investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration projects. From 2004-2006, the federal government offered 1350 Euros for locals that make use of biomass heating unit.



Sweden normally lay high tax on fuels, powers, CARBON DIOXIDE, SO2, etc. To promote the development of biomass energy, to excuse all tax obligations on biomass jobs. In 1991, Sweden government starts to lay tax on carbon dioxide discharge, which makes the price of oil and nonrenewable fuel source rise. Many warmth supply center and nuclear power plant changes from fossil fuel to biomass fuel.



To motivate the power plant to utilize biomass power, Sweden government presented electric power quota system. This plan calls for the power providers to have particular portion of power created by renewable resource. For each 1MWh electrical energy, the government will give tax obligation alleviation based on the biomass power amount.



Sweden wood pellet fuel melting tool

Sweden wood pellet burning technology is in the leading setting. There have actually been over 20 pellet heater manufacturers, over 50 kinds of wood pellet central heating boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet boilers, 20,000 collections of pellet ovens. As there are still numerous families using electric home heating, the pellet central heating boilers have big possibility.



Sweden pellet burning equipment has main heating central heating boiler and biomass cooktop 2 types.



Central heating boiler can be used in 1 or even more family members. The thermal transfer with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be changed by 30% -100% according to demands. The central heating boilers likewise has 2 kinds. The mixed central heating boiler is linked by a pellet burner as well as a common boiler. The central heating boiler can get in touch with numerous heaters. The integrated boilers are primarily imported from Austria and also Germany, some created by residential suppliers.



Biomass ovens or furnace

Biomass ranges likewise has 2 types. Independent pellet stove and also Smokeshaft piece kind furnace. The previous on is more popular. The independent pellet range has a pellet supply container inside, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day use.



Biomass pellet cooktop can understand automatic dental filling as well as burning. Based upon various feeding method, pellet ovens has leading feed, bottom feed and straight feed 3 kinds. Leading feed pellet stoves are the most prominent. Owing to high ease and also tidiness, small pellet cooktops sell well over the last few years.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel industry

Sweden has rich forestry sources as well as plentiful forestry waste, which end up being the main resources for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has actually been totally advertised. lima feed machine of makers are big as well as average business, with mature innovation. Tiny wood pellet manufacturing facilities are mainly improve chipboard, furnishings and also saw mills.


The federal government has actually made detailed regulations and also plans to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet market creates swiftly because the 1990s.

Criterion for wood pellet fuel keep boosting. In the 1990s, Sweden released the requirement for wood pellets, as well as determined the method day of pellet fuel as well as burners.

Fully grown burning modern technology and tools. In the last few years, Sweden's production of pellet central heating boiler and also pellet heating stoves maintain increasing.

Perfect quality assurance system. Sweden federal government stipulated that the wood pellet fuel and burning tools need to get third-party screening accreditations prior to entering the marketplace.



Final thought

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel producer as well as customer worldwide. Biomass power plays an important duty in its manufacturing and also way of life. Around the world, biomass pellets are mosting likely to play a more important role in home heating supply, power generation, and industrial manufacturing.


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