Notes

CW Practice Test
1) The north relied on Urbanization or the development of cities and had swift-flowing rivers to power factories. The south relied on farming and slave-labor.
2) The north relied on Manufacturing and the south relied on the production of cotton
3) The cotton gin was a machine used to separate cotton from its seeds, the reaper was a machine that could cut any grain, and the power loom was a machine used to produce cotton using renewable sources of energy like water, electricity, etc.
4) The south was an agrarian society that relied on slave labor and the north relied on the industrialization and the development of cities
5) An agreement that characterized Missippi as a slave state and Maine as a free state. All states north of the 36th parallel were free states, all states south of the 36th parallel were slave states.
6) A law that said that northern states had to forcibly return runaway slaves to their owners
7) An agreement designed to ease tensions caused by the expansion of slavery into western territories
8) Harriet Beacher Stowe wrote the novel, Uncle Tom's cabin. It helped to crystalize the rift between the North and South. It was the called the greatest American novel ever written, and helped to bring about the civil war.
9) This act characterized both Kansas and Nebraska as states. People living in those territories could chose to be a slave state or a free state through popular sovereignty
10) Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom in court. Supreme Court Decision said that Slaves are not U.S. citizens, and therefore cannot sue for their freedom. Also said the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional as all states north of the 36th parallel could not be free.
11) Lincoln forces Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supports popular sovereignty, Lincoln is seen as a stronger republican candidate so he wins the election.
12) John Brown raids the arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia in hopes of starting a slave rebellion.
13) Federal Fort located in Charleston, SC. Confederates attacked the fort, marking the first battle of the civil war.
14) Bigger Population, Stronger Navy, More supplies, Better Banking system
15) Only had to fight a defensive war, knew the area better.
16) Did not know the area as well, bigger supply line meaning they could be attacked more easily
17) Smaller Population(9 million), Weaker Navy, Less Supplies
18) A battle plan by Winfield Scott to blockade the Southern Coast and capture the Missippi river.
19) People thought it would be an easy victory for the Union and come prepared to have a picnic. Union initially does well, but confederate general "Stonewall Jackson" stands like a stone wall to inspire his troops. Confederates arrive with reinforcements and win, shattering everyone's expectations of a short war.
20) Confederate troops surprise and drive Union troops back up the Tennessee river. Union troops arrive with reinforcements and win but one of the most bloodiest battle in the civil war with 25,000 casualties.
21) Union troops succeed in halting Lee's confederate forces in Maryland
22) Turning point in the war that made it clear the Union would win. 50,000 people died.
23) The Union splits the south in 2 and gains control of the Missippi river.
24) Union General William Sherman's destructive march through Georgia. An early instance of "total war" as civilian property and infrastructure are targeted to diminish war efforts.
25) War was no longer romanticized. Changed the way people thought about the war as bodies were moved to get a more dramatic shot. War was seen as more realistic to Americans.
26) Treatment was not effective. Diseases spread through hospitals because of poor hygiene.
27) Confederate and Union women stepped up during the Civil War. Worked as nurses in hospitals and disguised themselves as men to fight as soldiers.
28) Desperate for a naval defense, Confederates stole the USS Merrimack from a Union naval yard and turned it into the CSS Virginia, and covered it with iron plates from the water up.
29) Major advantage for the North in the civil war. Lincoln directed communications while the South decentralized comunications.
30) Used as a way of faster transportation and to ship more supplies.
31) Issued by Lincoln and declared that all slaves living in Confederate states had to be set free on September 22, 1862.
32) 3-minute address by Lincoln at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site in which the battle of Gettysburg was fought.
33) Before the civil war, African Americans could not participate in combat and suffered a higher mortality rate than white troops. Even though it had many hardships, military service was seen as a source of pride for many blacks as it symbolized their freedom.
34) Lincoln opposes slavery and Davis supports slavery. Lincoln has a strong effect through his speeches and Davis proves himself as a military leader at Mexican-American War but fails to lead Confederate Army.
35) A bunch of battles in which Grant hammers at way at Lee until he surrenders.
36) The famous site where Lee surrenders to Grant
37) Abolition of slavery
38) Any person born in the U.S is a citizen and have equal protection under the law
39) A person's right to vote cannot be determined by race, color, or creed