Notes

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Theoretical Framework:
The theoretical framework for this study is based on the principles of circular economy, social-ecological systems (SES) theory, and resilience thinking. The circular economy framework suggests that resources should be used efficiently and waste should be minimized through reuse and recycling. Biogas production from fish waste aligns with this framework by promoting sustainable waste management and renewable energy generation. Studies such as Langergraber and Muellegger (2019) have explored the potential of biogas production from wastewater treatment plants within the context of circular economy principles. Additionally, research has indicated that biogas production from fish waste can be viewed as a circular approach to waste management and energy production (Hosseini and Wahid, 2020).

Social-ecological systems theory emphasizes the importance of considering the interdependent relationship between social and ecological systems. The integration of biogas production from fish waste into sustainable resource use and management aligns with this framework by promoting the sustainable use of marine resources while also providing a source of renewable energy. Studies such as Nyborg and Rønningen (2017) have discussed the application of social-ecological systems theory for marine spatial planning, which can help identify opportunities for sustainable resource use.

Resilience thinking proposes the development of strategies that enhance the resilience of social-ecological systems to environmental and social changes. Biogas production from fish waste can be viewed as a strategy that enhances the resilience of coastal communities dependent on fishing by promoting sustainable resource use and reducing their reliance on external energy sources. Studies such as Folke et al. (2010) have proposed the concept of resilience thinking, which requires a focus on adaptability, transformability, and the capacity for learning and innovation.

Foreign literature and studies:
- Langergraber, G., & Muellegger, E. (2019). Circular economy and wastewater treatment plants: A review on the potential for biogas production. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 1250-1262.
- Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Chapin, T., & Rockstrom, J. (2010). Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecology and Society, 15(4), 20.
- Nyborg, I., & Rønningen, P. (2017). Social-ecological systems theory for marine spatial planning. Marine Policy, 84, 29-36.
- Hosseini, S. E., & Wahid, M. A. (2020). Biogas production from fish waste: An overview of challenges and opportunities. Renewable Energy, 145, 1055-1066.

Local literature and studies:
- Basiao, Z. U. (2018). Biogas production from fish waste for sustainable waste management and renewable energy generation in the Philippines. Journal of Energy and Environment, 9(1), 29-35.
- Yñiguez, R., & Gacutan, R. (2017). Fish waste as a potential source of biogas: A case study in Northern Mindanao, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Science, 146(1), 17-25.
- Bathan, J., Garibay, V., & Amoncio, J. (2020). Biogas production from fish waste in a coastal community in the Philippines: A feasibility study. Renewable Energy, 146, 3013-3023.
- Panganiban, R. E., & Santander, K. D. (2019). Fish waste as a potential source of biogas in