Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The growth and development of robotics will largely depend on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer systems. Analysts have identified the primary trends in the marketplace for an additional five-years.

People usually overestimate the impact in the latest technology in the future and underestimate its impact in the long term.

But this does not negate the belief that the expert community, their state and business have to have a roadmap for your development of innovative industries in the foreseeable future.

The authors with the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends in this field as well as in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next five-years may have the greatest impact on the continuing development of robotics on earth.

1. New materials

Even if we take into account the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, and this ratio is not likely to develop without radical adjustments to the science of materials where robotics is created, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special awareness of two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which can successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where you are able to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New causes of energy, technologies for its collection and storage

Considering the quantity of heat generated by the combustion of gasoline and the human requirement for energy, you can actually calculate that if individuals were eating gasoline, they would just have 150 g of fuel daily. In turn, electric motors are even less energy-efficient than an inside combustion engine. In order for robots to be able to compete with humans of their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.

For example, this is actually the improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries determined by hydrogen, and so on. Also, we should keep in mind about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology might be carried out recharge the robot remotely, for example, from energy sources included in the floor or walls.

3. Interaction of groups of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans and with the other person.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must realize what these are doing and where they are moving not merely under normal human conditions, but additionally where people just cannot make it: for example, in the mountains or about the seabed.

In addition, situations can't be excluded in the event the robot will continue to be completely without communication (for instance, underground or in the event of your satellite breakdown). In this case, you should build a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.

5. Machine learning

The growth and development of artificial intelligence is critical to generate truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the years to come, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this field:

helping the efficiency utilizing neural networks by causing their architecture more complicated or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures as opposed to hard programming, that may simplify and, therefore, speed up the process of acquiring skills by the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is all about increasing productivity. That is, automation isn't an end by itself, but a power tool for increasing economic efficiency. The authors of the review tend to believe that the top result will probably be shown not by replacing people who have robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will develop in four main areas:

a robot as a tool that repeats human capabilities (for instance, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as something that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that is, a device remotely controlled by way of a part of hard-to-reach places;

social interaction with a person, including voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors in the Sberbank report feel that next 5yrs we are unlikely to view a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), but the progression of software will raise the capabilities and reduce the price of manipulation technology.

First coming from Outdoor AGV , we are discussing increasing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an object, can have to inform the operator at length about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies is likely to make it possible to program more complicated trajectories to move of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One from the definitions with the notion of "robot", that your analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a piece of equipment that's in a position to perceive the world around it by using sensors, process the signals received this way and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one of the key trends in the growth and development of robotics within the future years.

9. Robosimulators

Large levels of data are essential to train robots. To receive them, it just isn't necessary to build a model of a robot - often it could be economically unprofitable, frequently even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the quantity of advance of computer simulators of an robot will still only increase using the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of producing drive mechanisms are unlikely to improve, but even here the authors from the review discover a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside the first paragraph, these might be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this really is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the product design process.

At the assembly stage, the progress of robotics will be stimulated from the emergence of latest materials, their reduction in price, as well as the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that can make it easier and faster to produce new machines.
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