Notes

Fungus Spores and Nail Fungus
What's the bond between fungus spores and nail fungus? Fungi that are actively growing will eventually produce spores - tiny reproductive stages that break away from the plant and spread to new places on air currents, in water, and on living things that move about. Most people have observed fungal spores: perhaps you've seen a green dusty powder in the bag of a loaf of bread that's gone moldy, or noticed that portobello mushrooms leave a black coating on your own cutting board. These substances are in fact many spores (a single spore is microscopic and that means you can't see it - by the time they become visible you can find millions.)

It's important to recognize that most fungi produce spores of one find or another - infectious fungal spores, that's, those that could cause infection in people, only result from several species. Portobello mushroom spores, and those of all other environmental species won't hurt you (though it's probably not a good idea to casually inhale spores of any fungus, for various reasons). There's only a connection between fungus spores and nail fungus infection once the spores are in one of fungi that can grow in keratin, the protein that's common in nails, hair, and skin.

Infectious fungal spores are produced by fungi growing in infected toenails and fingernails. They are dispersed in the environment when items of nail and skin flake off, on nail clippers and instruments used to trim and file nails, in nail clippings, in shoes and socks, in water, and when the afflicted person walks about with bare feet. When buy amanita mushrooms realize that a little colony of fungus can produce millions of spores, it's better to know how the infection can spread readily from one nail to some other, on shared clothing and grooming instruments, and in public areas swimming areas. Contamination produces fungus spores and nail fungus spreads.

Most cases of fungal nail infection are caused by a few species of dermatophytes - fungi which are adapted to utilize keratin as a nutrient source. They spread from person to person and from animal to person through fungus spores and nail fungus infection isn't the only real problem they cause: infections of the skin and hair are generally caused by exactly the same species. A few environmental fungi, i.e. species that normally reside in nature, deriving nutrients from decaying organic material, may also produce infectious fungal spores that can grow in nails, but not skin or hair. Fortunately, the species involved in any particular infection will not generally matter with regards to treatment of onychomycosis.
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