Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The growth and development of robotics will largely rely on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer systems. Analysts have identified the principle trends in the marketplace for the following five years.

People often overestimate the impact in the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact eventually.

But it doesn't negate the truth that the expert community, hawaii and business have to have a roadmap for the development of innovative industries in the foreseeable future.

The authors with the annual survey of the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the basic trends in this field plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that within the next five years could have the greatest effect on the progression of robotics on the planet.

1. New materials

Even whenever we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, and this ratio isn't likely growing without radical changes in the science of materials that robotics is produced, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special awareness of two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which could successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and much more.

2. New sources of energy, technologies due to the collection and storage

Considering the amount of heat generated by the combustion of gasoline and also the human requirement for energy, it is easy to calculate when everyone was eating gasoline, they would only need 150 g of fuel every day. In turn, electric motors have become even less energy-efficient than an interior combustion engine. In order for robots in order to tackle humans inside their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected inside their energy supply.

For example, here is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the creation of new batteries depending on hydrogen, and so on. Also, we've got to take into account about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology can be carried out to recharge the robot remotely, for instance, from sources of energy constructed into the floor or walls.

3. Interaction of categories of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots have to have a channel of communication both with humans along with the other person.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what these are doing and where they're moving not just under normal human conditions, but in addition where people simply cannot get there: for instance, in high altitude or about the seabed.

In addition, situations can not be excluded in the event the robot will remain completely without communication (as an example, underground or perhaps in the big event of the satellite breakdown). In this case, it is very important create a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad and in Russia.

5. Machine learning

The development of artificial intelligence is essential to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next several years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this area:

increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks by making their architecture more advanced or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures as opposed to hard programming, that can simplify and, therefore, improve the entire process of acquiring skills through the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is about increasing productivity. That is, automation isn't a conclusion by itself, but a power tool to improve economic efficiency. Programmable robot of the review are inclined to feel that the very best result will likely be shown not by replacing those with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will develop in four main areas:

a robot as something that repeats human capabilities (for instance, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that's, a product remotely controlled with a part of hard-to-reach places;

social interaction having a person, like voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors with the Sberbank report believe next 5yrs we are unlikely to determine a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the growth and development of software will heighten the capabilities reducing the costs of manipulation technology.

First of, we're speaking about increasing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a physical object, can have to inform the operator in greater detail about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies could make it possible to program more advanced trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One from the definitions of the thought of "robot", which the analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a machine which is capable of perceive the planet around it with the help of sensors, process the signals received this way and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and improving the capabilities of sensorics is one in the key trends inside progression of robotics inside long term.

9. Robosimulators

Large numbers of data are essential to train robots. To receive them, it is not necessary to build a model of the robot - it sometimes could be economically unprofitable, often even dangerous for an individual. Therefore, the quantity of creation of computer simulators of an robot will still only increase while using expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of developing drive mechanisms are unlikely to alter, but even here the authors in the review discover a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside the first paragraph, these could be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, that is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the product or service design process.

At the assembly stage, the progress of robotics will probably be stimulated from the emergence of recent materials, their reduction in price, plus the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, which will make it easier and faster to produce new machines.
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