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-crvena krvna zrnca, najbroniji.
Kod zena: 4-4,5 x 10 / 1l
Kod muskaraca: 4,5-5 x 10 / 1l
Novorodjencad: 7 x 10 /1l
-Okrugli, velicine 6,7-7,7 mikrometara
-Nemaju jedro
-Sastoje se iz vode (62-64), hemoglobina (31-33), stroma-lipidi i proteini (3-7), neorganske materije (0,7)
-Opna im je propustljiva za anjone, a nepropustiljiva za katjone
-Stvaraju se u crvenoj kostnoj srzi, zahtevaju tokom stvaranja folnu kiselinu, vitamin B12 i Fe
-Zive oko 120 dana
-Sadrze hemoglobin-slobodni protein koji sadrzi crveni pigment. Sastoji se iz hema i globina. Njegova kolicina kod zena je 120-140g/1l
Kod muskaraca 140-160g/1l
Srednja kol. je 145g/1l
Hemoglobin nosi kiseonik do tkiva, i odnosi ugljen dioksid
Kiseonik i hemoglobin: OKSIHEMOGLOBIN
Uglj. monoksid i hemogl: KARBOKSIHEMOGLOBIN
Povecanje kiselosti pH krvi smanjuje procenat oksihemoglobina.
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Trombociti:
-krvne plocice koje se stvaraju u kostanoj srzi, ali i iz celija megakariocita. Velicine su 2-5 mikrometara
Broj trombocita 250-300 x 10 9/1l krvi. Zive od 4-8 dana.
Hemostaza-proces zaustavljanja krvarenja posle povrede
I uloga u zgrusavanju krvi
Broj trombocita: povecan kod novorodjencadi, fizicki napor
Smanjen broj: usled ostecenja kostne srzi
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