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-Voda je sredina u kojoj se odvijaju hemijske reakcije i put do koga celija dolazi u kontakt sa spoljasnjom sredinom.
-Kolicina vode zavisi od pola, doba i uhranjenosti. Novorodjencad 70-75%, deca 65-70%, stari do 50%, gojazni do 40%. Prosecna kolicina tezine je 57%.
-Zenske osobe imaju manji procenat vode zato sto u sadrze u sebi vise masnog tkiva.
-Telesna tecnost moze biti:
***celijska (intracelijska)-2/3 tecnosti, 55-60%, 70 kg/25 l
-Ekstracelijska moze biti vaskularna (voda u krvnim sudovima) i ekstravaslukarna (medjucelijska tecnost)
***ekstracelijska- 1/3 tecnosti, 35-40%, 70 kg/10 l...Deli se na:
-voda krvne plazme: voda u krvnoj plazmi, oko 3l
-medjucelijska tecnost sa limfom: preko kapilara se razmenjuje sa vodom krvne plazme, najvise je ima od eks. c.
-voda vezivnog tkiva, hrskavice i kostiju: oko 15%
-transcelularna voda (mozdana tecnost, ocna vodica, trbusna maramica, srcana kesa, zglobne caure, digestivni trakt): najmanje je ima - oko 2,5% sa stalnim sastavom osim kod digestivnog trakta.
Krvna plazma i medjucelijska tecnost imaju stalan sastav. Sastoje se od organskih materija (triglicerid, glikoza, belancevine) i neorganskih belancevina (NATRIJUM-HLORID, kalcijum, kalijum).
Krvna plazma- 5% vise katjona; medjucelijska tecnost- 5% vise anjona. KALIJUM-CELIJSKI JON, NATRIJUM-VANCELIJSKI JON
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KAPILARI:
-kroz njihove zidove se vrsi razmena materija izmedju tkiva i krvi.
Dele se na:
1) glavni (spajaju arteriolu i venu)
2) pravi (odvajaju se od arterijskog dela kapilara i ulivaju u venski deo drugog kapilara, pa tako prave kapilarnu mrezu).
Prekapilarni sfinkter: regulise protok kroz kapilare. Kada je otvoren, to znaci da je koncentracija kiseonika u tkivima mala, i krv odlazi u kapilarnu mrezu. Kada je zatvoren, krv ide u glavne kapilare.
U arterijskom delu krv ostaje u medjucelijskoj sredini, a u venskom se krv vraca u venski deo kapilara.
Vazomacija-naizmenicne kontrakcije glatkih misica metarteriola i prekapilarnog sfinktera. Potiskivanje krvi
Filtracija-izbacivanje tecnosti iz arterijskog dela.
Reapsorcija-vracanje tecnosti u venski deo kapilara.
1/10 tecnosti ostaje u medjucelijskom prostoru-LIMFA. U krv odlazi LIMFNIM SUDOVIMA.
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