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Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry evaluation<br>
Sweden is among the world's largest wood pellet fuel producer as well as customer. It's wood pellet manufacturing innovation, market plan, as well as market design project. In https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfyzp74MYYzz4PJdNGtGWHVH0QiDX8ZJSIwbu1hipFOA1ECGw/viewform , I will certainly do thorough evaluation on Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector, and also work out some helpful experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, several countries have actually made policies to advertise biomass power as a way to handle energy dilemma as well as setting pollution. Ever since, biomass power industry has established quickly, and the modern technology keep improving.



Because of the absence of mineral resources, Sweden's economy endured great loss in last century. To make certain nationwide energy security, Sweden federal government make every effort to create renewable energy.



Biomass pellet fuel has the functions of high burning efficiency, reduced ash material, zero carbon emission, simple transportation, which has actually been preferred in Europe as well as The United States And Canada. With bountiful forestry resources, Sweden pay much attention to the development of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden takes up 20% of the world's biomass fuel intake, which matures at the rate of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry resources and also biomass products

Sweden has plentiful forestry resources. The woodland covers 64% of the acreage, with 51% owned by people, 24% by large wood companies, as well as 25% by nations and various other public organizations. Besides, the forestry grows by 100 million bunches annually, as well as the logging quantity is 92.4 million tons. The major forestry industries are wood processing, paper processing, as well as energy wood. The wood materials for making biomass power mainly come from the 3 sectors above, regarding 23.48 m3.



Basic material of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings use up 53%, sawdust 35%, and also wood chips 5%, others (barks, farming deposits, power forestry) occupies 7%. Some small wood pellet factory are built base on chipboard, furnishings and sawdust mills.



With even more companies participating in biomass fuel manufacturing, the competitors on the raw products become extra intense. As wood stove pellet maker in Sweden remain in scattered circulation, they are difficult to collect as well as refine. So some manufacturers as well as institutes are creating brand-new materials like peat and also energy plants.



Wood pellet producing modern technology and also equipment

The pellet molding innovation has matured in Sweden. Nowadays, it has achieved business as well as market manufacturing. The manufacturing process includes high automation, needing much less operators. The picture listed below showed the wood pellet manufacturing process.



Drying: normally, the moisture material of sawdust is around 50%. A drum clothes dryer can reduce the moisture material to 9-12% to ensure that it is gotten making pellets.

Crushing: the size of basic materials ought to be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the dimension.

Conditioning: add high-heat heavy steam to the raw materials and also soften the cellulous in it. Over half of the pellet fuel manufacturers have conditioning procedure in production.

Pellet molding: most wood pellet manufacturing facilities make use of vertical type ring pass away pellet machine. The production capability of one device is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Air conditioning: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet machine go to the temperature level of 100 ℃. Pellets under this condition are very easy to damage and also troublesome for transport. A counter-flow colder can cool down the wood pellets in a modest method.

Packaging: the cooled down pellets need to be categorized and packaged according to consumers' demand. Tiny bags are 16kg, large bags are 900kg. For huge customers like nuclear power plant, the wood pellets are delivered by vehicles and ships in bulks.

Biomass pellets classification and application

In 1999, Sweden government released the criterion of wood pellet fuel, in which they are categorized right into 3 courses. The first class has high quality. They can be used in domestic small heaters and also stoves.The 2nd and third do not have excellent quality. They are utilized by large industrial clients.




Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can satisfy this criterion. Some of them can satisfy the EU standard, others are not created according to this standard.



Wood pellet fuel can be used in small boilers, medium-scale as well as massive heating supply facility as well as nuclear power plant. Currently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for tiny and also average heating boilers and also local home heating supply facility, as well as 40% for large heating supply center as well as co-firing nuclear power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden regional home heating plant take on coal to replace oil. After the enact of CO2 emission tax obligation, these heating plant resort to biomass fuel from coal. In the last years, the quantity of biomass fuel for heating grows from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Presently, about 400 local heating plant has actually embraced wood pellet fuel.



Because the mid 1990s, residential wood pellet sector has made fantastic development. In the last years, using residential heating wood pellets proliferates. Presently, Sweden has 200,000 family members making use of wood pellet boilers, 40,000 family members making use of wood pellet stoves.



Sweden biomass power development objective as well as plan

To advertise the continual growth of biomass energy, Sweden has actually made a collection of regulations and also policies. To ensure the apply of these plans, the federal government additionally made several possible supervision actions and obligatory industry standard.



Sweden not just satisfy the commitment stipulated Kyoto Protocol that cut greenhouse exhaust by 8%, however also set its very own advancement goal of biomass energy. In 2006, the Minister for sustainable advancement division claimed that Sweden will totally make use of biofuels and quit using oil, and end up being the first nation that completely depend on renewable resource.



By 2020, Sweden will enhance its proportion of renewable resource to 50%, the usage proportion of renewable resource in transport sector to 10%, power performance by 20%, and also reduced the exhaust of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive plan

Sweden has actually accomplished high cost acquisition, investment subsidies, tax obligation reduction as well as exemption, quota system and various other biomass power reward plan.



Because 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from federal government budget to sustain biomass modern technology advancement. From 1997 to 2002, the government offered 25% investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration tasks. From 2004-2006, the government offered 1350 Euros for citizens that use biomass heating system.



Sweden generally lay high tax on fuels, powers, CARBON DIOXIDE, SO2, and so on. To advertise the growth of biomass energy, to exempt all taxes on biomass projects. In 1991, Sweden federal government starts to lay tax obligation on CO2 emission, that makes the cost of oil and also fossil fuel increase. Numerous warmth supply facility and nuclear power plant changes from nonrenewable fuel source to biomass fuel.



To motivate the power plant to use biomass power, Sweden federal government presented electrical power quota system. This policy calls for the power providers to have particular part of electrical energy produced by renewable energy. For every single 1MWh electrical energy, the government will offer tax obligation alleviation based upon the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel burning tool

Sweden wood pellet burning innovation remains in the leading placement. There have been over 20 pellet burner suppliers, over 50 kinds of wood pellet boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet central heating boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet cooktops. As there are still numerous families utilizing electric heating, the pellet boilers have massive possibility.



Sweden pellet burning devices has central home heating boiler as well as biomass range 2 types.



Central home heating boiler can be made use of in 1 or more households. The thermal send with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be adjusted by 30% -100% according to demands. The central home heating boilers additionally has 2 kinds. The consolidated boiler is linked by a pellet burner as well as a typical boiler. The central heating boiler can connect with numerous heaters. The integrated boilers are generally imported from Austria and also Germany, some generated by domestic suppliers.



Biomass stoves or furnace

Biomass ovens likewise has 2 types. Independent pellet cooktop and also Chimney piece type heater. The former on is much more popular. The independent pellet cooktop has a pellet stock bin within, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day use.



Biomass pellet stove can understand automated dental filling as well as burning. Based on various feeding technique, pellet stoves has leading feed, bottom feed and horizontal feed 3 kinds. Top feed pellet ovens are one of the most preferred. Owing to high ease and tidiness, small pellet cooktops market well recently.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel sector

Sweden has rich forestry sources and abundant forestry waste, which become the major raw materials for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has actually been totally commercialized. Many makers are huge as well as moderate companies, with mature innovation. Little wood pellet factories are primarily improve chipboard, furnishings as well as saw mills.

The government has made thorough regulations as well as policies to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet sector establishes rapidly since the 1990s.

Criterion for wood pellet fuel keep improving. In the 1990s, Sweden released the requirement for wood pellets, and also determined the method date of pellet fuel and heaters.

Fully grown burning modern technology as well as devices. In the last few years, Sweden's production of pellet central heating boiler and also pellet home heating ranges maintain raising.

Perfect quality control system. Sweden federal government specified that the wood pellet fuel and burning equipment have to get third-party screening certifications prior to going into the market.



Final thought

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel manufacturer and also customer worldwide. Biomass power plays an important duty in its production and also way of life. Around the world, biomass pellets are going to play a more vital function in heating supply, power generation, as well as commercial manufacturing.

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