Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The development of robotics will largely be determined by related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer systems. Analysts have identified the main trends in the marketplace for an additional five-years.

People tend to overestimate the impact in the latest technology in the near future and underestimate its impact in the long term.

But this doesn't negate the fact that the expert community, the state of hawaii and business have to have a roadmap for the growth and development of innovative industries sometime soon.

The authors of the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the basic trends of this type plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that within the next five years could have the highest impact on the growth and development of robotics on the planet.

1. New materials

Even as we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are about 3.5 thousand people per robot, and also this ratio is not likely to cultivate without radical alterations in the science of materials that robotics is made, the authors of the review are sure. They pay special care about two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from which it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New sources of energy, technologies for the collection and storage

Considering the quantity of heat generated from the combustion of gasoline and also the human requirement of energy, you can easily calculate that when individuals were eating gasoline, they would merely have 150 g of fuel per day. In turn, electric motors are actually even less cost effective than an interior combustion engine. In order for robots as a way to tackle humans in their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are needed within their energy supply.

For example, this can be a improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries determined by hydrogen, and so forth. Also, we should take into account about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology may be carried out recharge the robot remotely, for example, from sources of energy built into the bottom or walls.

3. Interaction of sets of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans and with one another.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots should be aware what these are doing and where these are moving not merely under normal human conditions, and also where people just cannot make it happen: as an example, in the mountains or about the seabed.

In addition, situations can not be excluded if the robot will stay completely without communication (as an example, underground or in the event of an satellite breakdown). In this case, it is important to produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad and in Russia.

5. Machine learning

The progression of artificial intelligence is essential to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the years to come, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this region:

improving the efficiency of employing neural networks start by making their architecture more complicated or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures instead of hard programming, which will simplify and, therefore, accelerate the entire process of acquiring skills from the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots due to artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is around increasing productivity. That is, automation is just not a conclusion alone, but a tool to increase economic efficiency. The authors from the review are more likely to believe that the very best result will probably be shown not by replacing those with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will build up in four main areas:

a robot as an instrument that repeats human capabilities (as an example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, which is, a product remotely controlled with a person in hard-to-reach places;

social interaction using a person, such as voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors of the Sberbank report think that within the next 5yrs we're unlikely to find out a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), though the growth and development of software will increase the capabilities and lower the expenses of manipulation technology.

First of all, we have been discussing improving the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an item, can have to inform the operator at length about its weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies could make it possible to program more complex trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One of the definitions from the notion of "robot", which the analysts of Sberbank comply with, says that it is a product which is able to perceive the globe around it with the aid of sensors, process the signals received like this and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and improving the capabilities of sensorics is one with the key trends inside continuing development of robotics inside the long term.

9. see this page of data are expected to teach robots. To receive them, it is just not necessary to build a model of a robot - sometimes it may be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for someone. Therefore, the quantity of coming of computer simulators of your robot will only increase using the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of creating drive mechanisms are unlikely to change, but even here the authors in the review find a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified in the first paragraph, these may be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this can be primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the product design process.

At the production stage, the progress of robotics is going to be stimulated by the emergence of latest materials, their lowering of price, plus the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, which will make it easier and faster to generate new machines.
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