Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The growth and development of robotics will largely depend upon related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer products. Analysts have identified the principle trends on the market for an additional five years.

People often overestimate the impact of the latest technology sooner and underestimate its impact in the long run.

But this doesn't negate the fact the expert community, their state and business have to have a roadmap for the progression of innovative industries later on.

The authors in the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends of this type as well as in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5yrs could have the highest effect on the development of robotics on the planet.

1. New materials

Even if we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, and also this ratio isn't likely growing without radical changes in the science of materials from where robotics is done, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special focus on two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which could successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from where you'll be able to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New causes of energy, technologies due to the collection and storage

Considering the amount of heat generated by the combustion of gasoline and the human dependence on energy, you can actually calculate when individuals were eating gasoline, they'd really need 150 g of fuel each day. In turn, electric motors are even less energy-efficient than an internal combustion engine. In order for robots as a way to compete with humans of their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected in their energy supply.

For example, here is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries based on hydrogen, and so on. Also, we've got to remember about alternative, alternative energy sources. Finally, a technology may be carried out to recharge the robot remotely, by way of example, from sources of energy that are part of the floor or walls.

3. Interaction of teams of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots will need to have a channel of communication both with humans and with one another.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what they are doing and where these are moving not merely under normal human conditions, but in addition where people cannot arrive: for instance, in the mountains or on the seabed.

In addition, situations can't be excluded in the event the robot will continue completely without communication (for example, underground or perhaps case of your satellite breakdown). In this case, it is very important develop a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.

5. Machine learning

The progression of artificial intelligence is necessary to make truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development of this type:

increasing the efficiency of utilizing neural networks by making their architecture more technical or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures as an alternative to hard programming, that can simplify and, therefore, increase the entire process of acquiring skills by the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots thanks to artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is about increasing productivity. Mobile Robot is, automation isn't a finish by itself, but a tool to improve economic efficiency. The authors from the review are likely to believe that the most effective result is going to be shown not by replacing those with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:

a robot as a power tool that repeats human capabilities (by way of example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a power tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, which is, a product remotely controlled with a an affiliate hard-to-reach places;

social interaction having a person, for example voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors from the Sberbank report feel that within the next 5yrs we have been unlikely to find out a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), though the progression of software will heighten the capabilities reducing the expenses of manipulation technology.

First of, we have been discussing increasing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an object, could have to inform the operator in detail about its weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies will make it possible to program more technical trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One with the definitions of the notion of "robot", that this analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a piece of equipment that's capable to perceive the planet around it by using sensors, process the signals received in this manner and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one in the key trends inside progression of robotics inside the future years.

9. Robosimulators

Large levels of data are essential to train robots. To receive them, it is just not necessary to build a model of the robot - sometimes it can be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for an individual. Therefore, the quantity of creation of computer simulators of a robot will still only increase with the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of producing drive mechanisms are unlikely to switch, but even here the authors in the review look for a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside first paragraph, these could be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this can be primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the merchandise design process.

At the fabrication stage, the progress of robotics is going to be stimulated through the emergence of recent materials, their reduction in price, and also the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that may make it easier and faster to create new machines.
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