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Elderly Falling Risks
Elderly falling risks are a major concern for many older adults. Approximately 20-30 percent of all falls involve injury, and the elderly are more susceptible to this type of injury than other groups. Injuries range from minor cuts and bruising to serious injuries such as broken bones and head trauma. There are numerous factors that can contribute to falls, including physical conditions and environmental hazards. However, interventions can also reduce the risk of falls.
A fall assessment can help determine whether a person has a fall risk. It is recommended by the American Geriatric Society that all adult patients be screened for fall risk at least once a year. This will help to ensure that appropriate interventions are in place to prevent falls and to reduce the risk of recurrent falls.
The assessment should include a thorough medical history, a comprehensive psychosocial evaluation, and a physical evaluation of joint function and mobility. Biological risk factors involve chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, and age-related changes, such as increased weakness, decreased balance, and visual impairment. Some medications and over-the-counter products can also contribute to the risk of falls.
Behavioural risk factors are more specific, and include fear of falling, a history of falling, lack of physical activity, poor nutrition, and inappropriate footwear. Environmental risk factors are also known to be a factor, and include clutter, loose rugs, and poor lighting. Many people are unaware that they are at risk for falls.
Medications can cause dizziness, fatigue, and confusion. https://personalmedicalalarm.com/ They can also interact with other medications to increase the risk of falling. Patients should keep a detailed list of their medications and bring it with them to the doctor's office. Keeping a list of medications can help with medication reconciliation, and can help to identify drugs that may have harmful side effects. Medications can affect balance, so it is important for seniors to understand how their medications work and what side effects to look for.
If a senior is in a nursing home, he or she is at a higher risk for falls. These types of facilities often do not have stair railings, handrails, and grab bars. If a senior has a difficult time with his or her gait, or falls frequently, the physician can recommend a physical therapist or a custom-designed exercise program. Performing gentle exercises on a regular basis can help improve strength, flexibility, and coordination.
Physical risk factors include muscle weakness, difficulty with balance, and heart and nerve problems. Some diseases can also contribute to falls, such as heart disease, glaucoma, arthritis, and osteoporosis. Additionally, certain eye disorders and ear problems can increase the risk of falling. Depending on the reason for the fall, tests may be necessary to determine the severity of the injury.
Other environmental risk factors include unsafe footwear, low seat toilets, uneven sidewalks, ice or snow, chairs without armrests, and electrical cords. Whether the elderly falls is due to a fall-related injury or not, it is important to visit a doctor as soon as possible.



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