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Z-SCORES-in a normal distribution, the number of standard deviations from the mean, use two decimal places
z=(x-xmean)/s or z=(x-mean)/sigma, page 113
-significantly low/high if its absolute value is bigger than 2
percentiles-(quantiles, fractiles) a location of data with 1% in each group
percentile of x=(number of values less than x/total number of values)*100, page 115-116
*something about L and k in figure 3-6 on page 116*
quartile-25% in each group
first-25%-Q1
second-50% (median)-Q2
third-75%-Q3
Interquartile range(IQR)=Q3-Q1
Semi-interquartile range=IQR/2
Midquartile=Q3+Q1/2
5-number summary
1. minimum
2. Q1
3. Q2
4. Q3
5. maximum
boxplot-a graph with a line from the minimum to Q1 and a box from Q1 to Q3 with a line a Q2, then a line from Q3 to the maximum, page 119
boxplots can be skewed right/left if the tail is longer on the right/left
modified boxplot and outliers
-an outlier if it is above Q3 by an amount greater than 1.5*IQR
-below Q1 by greater than 1.5*IQR
-outliers are denoted by an asterisk or point and the line does not reach the outlier
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