Notes

[student@centos ~]$ passwd
Zmienianie hasła użytkownika student.
Zmienianie hasła dla student.
(obecne) hasło UNIX:
Nowe hasło :
BŁĘDNE HASŁO: ZDECYDOWANIE za krótkie
Nowe hasło :
Proszę ponownie podać nowe hasło :
passwd: zaktualizowanie wszystkich tokenów uwierzytelniania powiodło się.
[student@centos ~]$ id
uid=500(student) gid=500(student) grupy=500(student) kontekst=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
[student@centos ~]$ who
student tty1 2017-11-19 09:42 (:0)
student pts/0 2017-11-19 09:44 (:0.0)
[student@centos ~]$ ls -as /home
razem 12
4 . 4 .. 4 student
[student@centos ~]$ ls -as /dev
razem 4
0 . 0 lp1 0 root 0 tty25 0 tty58
4 .. 0 lp2 0 rtc 0 tty26 0 tty59
0 block 0 lp3 0 rtc0 0 tty27 0 tty6
0 bsg 0 MAKEDEV 0 scd0 0 tty28 0 tty60
0 btrfs-control 0 mapper 0 sda 0 tty29 0 tty61
0 cdrom 0 mcelog 0 sda1 0 tty3 0 tty62
0 char 0 .mdadm 0 sda2 0 tty30 0 tty63
0 console 0 mem 0 sg0 0 tty31 0 tty7
0 core 0 net 0 sg1 0 tty32 0 tty8
0 cpu 0 network_latency 0 shm 0 tty33 0 tty9
0 cpu_dma_latency 0 network_throughput 0 snapshot 0 tty34 0 ttyS0
0 crash 0 null 0 snd 0 tty35 0 ttyS1
0 disk 0 nvram 0 sr0 0 tty36 0 ttyS2
0 dm-0 0 oldmem 0 stderr 0 tty37 0 ttyS3
0 dm-1 0 port 0 stdin 0 tty38 0 .udev
0 dvd 0 ppp 0 stdout 0 tty39 0 urandom
0 fb 0 ptmx 0 systty 0 tty4 0 usbmon0
0 fb0 0 pts 0 tty 0 tty40 0 vboxguest
0 fd 0 ram0 0 tty0 0 tty41 0 vboxuser
0 full 0 ram1 0 tty1 0 tty42 0 vcs
0 fuse 0 ram10 0 tty10 0 tty43 0 vcs1
0 hpet 0 ram11 0 tty11 0 tty44 0 vcs2
0 hugepages 0 ram12 0 tty12 0 tty45 0 vcs3
0 hvc0 0 ram13 0 tty13 0 tty46 0 vcs4
0 input 0 ram14 0 tty14 0 tty47 0 vcs5
0 kmsg 0 ram15 0 tty15 0 tty48 0 vcs6
0 log 0 ram2 0 tty16 0 tty49 0 vcsa
0 loop0 0 ram3 0 tty17 0 tty5 0 vcsa1
0 loop1 0 ram4 0 tty18 0 tty50 0 vcsa2
0 loop2 0 ram5 0 tty19 0 tty51 0 vcsa3
0 loop3 0 ram6 0 tty2 0 tty52 0 vcsa4
0 loop4 0 ram7 0 tty20 0 tty53 0 vcsa5
0 loop5 0 ram8 0 tty21 0 tty54 0 vcsa6
0 loop6 0 ram9 0 tty22 0 tty55 0 vga_arbiter
0 loop7 0 random 0 tty23 0 tty56 0 vg_centos
0 lp0 0 raw 0 tty24 0 tty57 0 zero
[student@centos ~]$ ls -as /etc
razem 1444
4 . 4 mail.rc
4 .. 4 makedev.d
4 adjtime 8 man.config
4 aliases 4 mc
12 aliases.db 44 mime.types
4 alsa 4 mke2fs.conf
4 alternatives 4 modprobe.d
4 anacrontab 0 motd
4 asound.conf 4 mtab
4 at.deny 4 mtools.conf
4 audisp 4 multipath
4 audit 4 my.cnf
4 avahi 4 NetworkManager
4 bash_completion.d 4 networks
4 bashrc 4 nsswitch.conf
4 blkid 4 openldap
4 bonobo-activation 4 opt
4 centos-release 4 PackageKit
4 chkconfig.d 4 pam.d
4 ConsoleKit 4 pango
4 cron.d 4 passwd
4 cron.daily 4 passwd-
0 cron.deny 4 pkcs11
4 cron.hourly 4 pki
4 cron.monthly 4 plymouth
4 crontab 4 pm
4 cron.weekly 4 pm-utils-hd-apm-restore.conf
0 crypttab 4 polkit-1
4 csh.cshrc 4 popt.d
4 csh.login 4 portreserve
4 cups 4 postfix
4 dbus-1 4 ppp
4 default 4 prelink.conf.d
4 depmod.d 4 printcap
4 dhcp 4 profile
8 DIR_COLORS 4 profile.d
8 DIR_COLORS.256color 8 protocols
8 DIR_COLORS.lightbgcolor 4 pulse
24 dnsmasq.conf 0 .pwd.lock
4 dnsmasq.d 0 rc
4 dracut.conf 0 rc0.d
4 dracut.conf.d 0 rc1.d
4 drirc 0 rc2.d
0 environment 0 rc3.d
4 ethers 0 rc4.d
4 event.d 0 rc5.d
0 exports 0 rc6.d
0 favicon.png 4 rc.d
4 festival 0 rc.local
4 filesystems 0 rc.sysinit
4 fonts 4 redhat-lsb
4 foomatic 0 redhat-release
4 fprintd.conf 4 resolv.conf
4 fstab 4 rpc
0 gai.conf 4 rpm
4 gconf 4 rsyslog.conf
4 gcrypt 4 rsyslog.d
4 gdm 4 rwtab
4 ghostscript 4 rwtab.d
4 gnome-vfs-2.0 4 samba
4 gnupg 4 sasl2
4 group 4 securetty
4 group- 4 security
0 grub.conf 4 selinux
4 gshadow 628 services
4 gshadow- 4 sestatus.conf
4 gtk-2.0 4 sgml
4 hal 4 shadow
4 host.conf 4 shadow-
4 hosts 4 shells
4 hosts.allow 4 skel
4 hosts.deny 4 sound
4 init 4 ssh
0 init.d 4 ssl
4 inittab 4 statetab
4 inputrc 4 statetab.d
4 iproute2 4 subversion
4 iscsi 4 sudo.conf
4 issue 4 sudoers
4 issue.net 4 sudoers.d
4 kdump-adv-conf 4 sudo-ldap.conf
8 kdump.conf 4 sysconfig
4 krb5.conf 4 sysctl.conf
44 ld.so.cache 0 system-release
4 ld.so.conf 4 system-release-cpe
4 ld.so.conf.d 4 terminfo
4 libaudit.conf 4 Trolltech.conf
4 libuser.conf 4 udev
4 localtime 4 virc
4 login.defs 4 wpa_supplicant
4 logrotate.conf 4 X11
4 logrotate.d 4 xdg
4 lsb-release 4 xinetd.d
4 lsb-release.d 4 xml
4 lvm 4 yum
4 magic 4 yum.conf
4 mailcap 4 yum.repos.d
[student@centos ~]$ ls -as /usr
razem 136
4 . 40 bin 4 games 40 lib 4 local 4 share 0 tmp
4 .. 4 etc 4 include 12 libexec 12 sbin 4 src
[student@centos ~]$
[student@centos ~]$ cd /kat1
bash: cd: /kat1: Nie ma takiego pliku ani katalogu
[student@centos ~]$ cd ./kat1
[student@centos kat1]$ mkdir -p kat2/kat3/kat4
[student@centos kat1]$ cd ./kat2
[student@centos kat2]$ rmdir -p kat3/kat4
[student@centos kat2]$
[student@centos ~]$ touch plik1.txt
[student@centos ~]$ touch plik2.c
[student@centos ~]$ cp ./*.txt kat1
[student@centos kat1]$ cp ../*.c kat2
[student@centos ~]$ cp -r kat1 kat1b
student@centos ~]$ rm kat1/*
[student@centos ~]$ rm kat1/kat2/*
[student@centos ~]$rm: nie można usunąć `kat1/kat2': Jest katalogiem
[student@centos ~]$rm -r kat1b
[student@centos kat1]$ mv plik1.txt plik123.txt
[student@centos ~]$ cd ./kat1
[student@centos kat1]$ cd ~
[student@centos ~]$ cp -r kat1 kat2b
20,21

[student@centos /]$ find /usr -name bin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/share/locale/bin
find: `/usr/lib/audit': Brak dostępu
/usr/lib/pm-utils/bin
/usr/lib/qt-3.3/bin
/usr/lib/qt4/bin
/usr/bin


find -exec cp [size 10-100 c{~/kat1}] ;


find /usr/bin type f -size <100c exec cp {~/kat1} ; -print

[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-rw-r--r--. 1 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$ chmod go+w plik.txt
[student@centos ~]$ ls-l
bash: ls-l: nie znaleziono polecenia
[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
razem 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-rw-rw-rw-. 1 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$ chmod -w plik.txt
chmod: plik.txt: nowe uprawnienia to r--r--rw-, nie r--r--r--
[student@centos ~]$ chmod a+x plik.txt
[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
razem 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-r-xr-xrwx. 1 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$ chmod 644 plik.txt
[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
razem 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-rw-r--r--. 1 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$ ln ./plik.txt plik2.txt
[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
razem 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-rw-r--r--. 2 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 2 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$ ln -s ./kat1/kat2 ~/abc
[student@centos ~]$ ln -l
ln: błędna opcja -- 'l'
Spróbuj `ln --help' dla uzyskania informacji.
[student@centos ~]$ ls -l
razem 44
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 student student 11 11-19 12:28 abc -> ./kat1/kat2
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Dokumenty
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:54 kat1
drwxrwxr-x. 3 student student 4096 11-19 10:58 kat2b
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Muzyka
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Obrazy
-rw-r--r--. 2 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik2.txt
-rw-r--r--. 2 student student 0 11-19 11:52 plik.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pobrane
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Publiczny
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Pulpit
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Szablony
drwxr-xr-x. 2 student student 4096 2015-09-27 Wideo
drwxrwxr-x. 2 student student 4096 11-19 09:50 xyz
[student@centos ~]$