Notes

As the p53 tumor suppressor gene is involved in DNA
repair, cell cycle, gene transcription, and apoptosis,
it represents a potential genetic risk factor for the
development or progression of cancer.[2] The p53 codon
72 Arg/Pro polymorphism has been linked to cancer
susceptibility in a variety of malignant processes,
however, these findings remain
controversial.[3-14,19] This controversy might be due to
the fact that the genotype distribution of the p53 codon
72 Arg/Pro polymorphism differs significantly with
race.[19] For instance, Shepherd et al. showed that Arg/
Arg genotype frequency was 64% in whites as compared
to 24% in blacks.[19] Moreover, the activity of this
SNP might vary depending on the type of the cancer.
Langerod et al. investigated correlations between the
codon 72 polymorphism and somatic p53 mutations in
breast cancer and colorectal cancer cells, and reported
that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism may influence the
function of p53 mutations in breast carcinoma, but not
in colorectal carcinoma.[21]


2. Levine AJ. p53, the cellular gatekeeper for growth and division. Cell
1997;88:323-31.
3. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002.
CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55:74-108.
4. Sadjadi A, Nouraie M, Mohagheghi MA, Mousavi-Jarrahi A,
Malekezadeh R, Parkin DM. Cancer occurrence in Iran in 2002, an
international perspective. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2005;6:359-63.
5. Hamajima N, Matsuo K, Suzuki T, Nakamura T, Matsuura A, Hatooka
S, et al. No associations of p73 G4C14-to-A4T14 at exon 2 and p53
Arg72Pro polymorphisms with the risk of digestive tract cancers in
Japanese. Cancer Lett 2002;181:81-5.
6. Koushik A, Tranah GJ, Ma J, Stampfer MJ, Sesso HD, Fuchs CS, et
al. p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism and risk of colorectal adenoma and
cancer. Int J Cancer 2006;119:1863-8.
7. Mammano E, Belluco C, Bonafe M, Olivieri F, Mugianesi E, Barbi
C, et al. Association of p53 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer:
Modulation of risk and progression. Eur J Surg Oncol 2009;35:415-9.
8. Jones JS, Chi X, Gu X, Lynch PM, Amos CI, Frazier ML. p53
polymorphism and age of onset of hereditary nonpolyposis
colorectal cancer in a Caucasian population. Clin Cancer Res
2004;10:5845-9.
9. Talseth BA, Meldrum C, Suchy J, Kurzawski G, Lubinski J, Scott RJ.
Age of diagnosis of colorectal cancer in HNPCC patients is more
complex than that predicted by R72P polymorphism in TP53. Int J
Cancer 2006;118:2479-84.
10. Khayat AS, Lobo Gatti L, Moura Lima E, de Assumpcao PP,
Nascimento Motta FJ, Harada ML, et al. Polymorphisms of the TP53
codon 72 and WRN codon 1367 in individuals from Northern Brazil
with gastric adenocarcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2005;5:161-8.
11. Sotamaa K, Liyanarachchi S, Mecklin JP, Jarvinen H, Aaltonen LA,
Peltomaki P, et al. p53 codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309 polymorphisms
and age of colorectal cancer onset in Lynch syndrome. Clin Cancer
Res 2005;11:6840-4.
12. Sharifi R, Allameh A, Biramijamal F, Mohammadzadeh SH, Rasmi
Y, Tavangar SM, et al. Relationship between genetic polymorphism
of glutathione S-transferase-p1 and p53 protein accumulation in
Iranian esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Indian J
Cancer 2008;45:8-12.
13. Zhang ZW, Newcomb P, Hollowood A, Feakins R, Moorghen M,
Storey A, et al. Age-associated increase of codon 72 Arginine p53
frequency in gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma. Clin
Cancer Res 2003;9:2151-6.
14. Matakidou A, Eisen T, Houlston RS. TP53 polymorphisms and lung
cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mutagenesis
2003;18:377-85
19. Khadang B, Fattahi MJ, Talei A, Dehaghani AS, Ghaderi A.
Polymorphism of TP53 codon 72 showed no association with breast
cancer in Iranian women. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2007;173:38-42.
21. Langerod A, Bukholm IR, Bregard A, Lonning PE, Andersen TI,
Rognum TO, et al. The TP53 codon 72 polymorphism may affect
the function of TP53 mutations in breast carcinomas but not
in colorectal carcinomas. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
2002;11:1684-8.