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keepalive - checks flow of data
multicast - provides router with the dlci
status - provides pvc statuses on all the DLCIs known to the switch

routers send inverse arp on all active DLCIs every 60 seconds
LMI messages are sent out every 10 seconds
pvc states:
active - connection bet routers working fine
inactive - remote router connxn prob
deleted - no service bet local router and dce
static - no lmi enabled. can be done using "no keepalive" cmd

LMI types:
cisco
ansi
Q.933a

LMI is required (pvc needs to be up) for inverse arp to function.

CIR (Committed Information Rate) - CIR defines how much bandwidth the customer is "guaranteed" during normal network operation
If the frame relay switch begins to experience congestion,
BECN (Backward Explicit Congestion Notification) to Source
FECN to destination

Frame relay encapsulation types:
1) Cisco encapsulation (proprietary)
2) IETF frame relay encapsulation
     
 
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