Notes

ch 1
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C

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A "More men graduating from baccalaureate and higher degree programs" is not the best answer because associate degree programs produce the most new graduates.
B The percentage of men in nursing has increased 50% since 2000.
C The more men who enter the workplace as nurses, the less nursing will be seen as a female-dominated profession.
D Salary rates do not appear to relate to the recruitment of men into nursing.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 2

2. ANS: A

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A A larger percentage of minorities are enrolled in nursing educational programs than previously.
B Asians and Native Hawaiian-Pacific Islanders are over represented in nursing compared to their percentage of the general population.
C Not only would the percentage of African-American and Hispanic nurses need to increase, the percentage of white nurses would have to decrease in order to more accurately reflect the population as a whole.
D The nonwhite portion of the general population is not likely to decrease.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 3

3. ANS: C

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A The racial/ethnic composition of RNs is increasing, but does not approximate their percentage of the overall population.
B The number of men entering nursing is increasing.
C The average age of RNs in both 2004 and 2008 was 46. This is a result of the numbers of RNs under 30 in the workforce.
D According to 2008 data, only 12% of nurses working full time hold second positions.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3

4. ANS: A

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A Slightly over 50% of RNs eventually obtain their bachelor's of science in nursing (BSN) or a higher nursing degree.
B The majority of nurses in this country get their initial nursing education in associate degree in nursing (ADN) programs.
C Foreign-born nurses practicing in the United States may be viewed as less knowledgeable by their peers because of language and cultural differences.
D The numbers of diploma-educated nurses are declining.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 4

5. ANS: D

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A Ambulatory care settings account for about 10.5% of RNs' places of employment.
B Public health and community health settings account for 7.8% of employed RNs.
C Long-term care facilities account for 5.3% of RNs' places of employment.
D Statistics show that 62.2% of RNs work in acute care hospitals.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5

6. ANS: A

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A Clinical ladder programs allow nurses to advance professionally while remaining at the bedside.
B Clinical ladder programs are designed to keep proficient nurses at the bedside.
C Encouraging RNs to become politically active and guide the profession of nursing is not the goal of clinical ladder programs.
D Clinical ladder programs are not designed to facilitate transfer between departments.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 7

7. ANS: A

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A The community health nurse provides educational programs in health maintenance, disease prevention, nutrition, and child care.
B Care is moving into the home setting.
C Home care is increasing in complexity.
D Community health nurses must have excellent assessment skills as they do not have the immediate backup that an acute care facility offers.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 9

8. ANS: B

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A Nurse entrepreneurs must function autonomously.
B Nurse entrepreneurs must be well organized and efficient.
C Starting a business involves risk.
D A degree in business is not required to be a nurse entrepreneur.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 10

9. ANS: D

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A Although military nurses do have broader responsibilities and scopes of practice than civilian nurses do, this is not the major benefit.
B Although military nurses do work with entirely baccalaureate-prepared peers on active duty, this is not the major benefit.
C Although military nurses serve as officers on active duty or in the reserves, this is not the major benefit.
D Advanced education is supported by the military financially and also allows for promotion in rank at an accelerated pace.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13

10. ANS: A

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A In medically underserved areas a school nurse may be called on to care for members of a child's immediate family.
B Chronically ill, disabled, and physically challenged students are in regular classrooms.
C School nurses detect developmental problems; counsel and educate children, parents, and teachers; and maintain immunization records.
D Although school nurses are considered community health nurses, certification in community health is not required.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 13

11. ANS: B

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A Nurse-patient ratio is an important determinant of patient care outcomes but has not been shown to be more or less important that the percentage of BSN-prepared nurses providing direct patient care.
B Research by Aiken, et al, (2003) showed that patient outcomes were better in hospitals where higher percentages of BSN-prepared nurses were employed.
C Research by Aiken, et al, (2003) showed that patient outcomes were better in hospitals where higher percentages of BSN-prepared nurses were employed.
D Aiken, et al (2003) studied orthopedic, general surgical, and vascular surgery patients and found the outcomes were improved for these patients in hospitals with a higher percentage of BSN-prepared nurses.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 7

12. ANS: C

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A The nurse's spiritual journey is believed to be an essential aspect of this nursing role.
B Patients are treated holistically under FCN.
C FCN is based on the belief that spiritual health is central to well-being.
D Faith community nurses do not need to have formal training as a ministers.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 16

13. ANS: B

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A Although all nurses may use informatics, a nurse specializing in informatics should have a BSN and additional knowledge and experience in the field of informatics.
B Informatics nurses understand how the information needs to be used and how to make the systems work for the nurses.
C Direct caregivers will still need to document the care provided.
D Benefits do include improved patient safety, but decreased variability of care is expected with informatics systems.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 17

14. ANS: B

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A A CNM is an advanced practice role.
B The community health nurse is not an advanced practice role.
C CNP is an advanced practice role.
D CNS is an advanced practice role.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 17

15. ANS: D

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A The laws governing the practice of NPs vary from state to state, including the degree of supervision required and how they may be reimbursed for their services.
B The laws governing the practice of NPs vary from state to state, including the degree of supervision required and how they may be reimbursed for their services.
C The laws governing the practice of NPs vary from state to state, including the degree of supervision required and how they may be reimbursed for their services.
D NPs are prepared to handle a wide range of basic health problems.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 18

16. ANS: A

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A The CNL role is intended to provide the highest quality of nursing care by having master's-prepared nurses involved in the care of a distinct group of patients.
B The CNL role was not intended as a managerial or administrative role.
C The CNS role is not outdated, and some controversy exists because some CNSs view this new role as possibly disenfranchising them.
D CNLs may on occasion provide direct patient care, but not on a daily basis.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 20

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. ANS: A, B, E

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Correct "End-of-life care is largely the responsibility of nurses" is correct because palliative care reflects the holistic philosophy of nursing, and comfort and relief have always been nursing responsibilities. "End-of-life needs are expected to increase with the aging population" is correct because as the population ages there will be a greater demand for end-of-life care as the number of individuals needing care increases. "Hospice and palliative care nurses work in a variety of settings" is correct because palliative care takes place in hospitals, homes, hospices, skilled nursing homes, etc.
Incorrect "Nursing curricula have prepared nurses to deal effectively with dying patients and their families" is incorrect because nursing educational programs have not prepared nurses well as the content related to end-of-life issues and palliative care has been limited. "Palliative care is a new focus of advanced practice nurses" is incorrect because palliative care has been a focus of many nurses, not just advanced practice nurses.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 14-15

2. ANS: A, B, C

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Correct CNSs are prepared with an advanced nursing degree and the skills to function in a variety of settings and functional roles.
Incorrect CNSs do not have prescribing authority. CNMs attend or assist at the delivery of low-risk newborns.


PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 19